初中英语九年级unit10单元知识点。
一。 重点句型，句式。
a job 试用某人；try one’s best to do sth.竭尽所能做某事；try sb. for sth.因某事而审问某人。
2. happen to sb.某人发生某事， 指偶然地或碰巧发生，强调意外。
3. take place 意思也是发生，指经过安排或计划要发生的事情，强调必然性。
4. by the time 意思是“到时为止，到时”，注重时间的截止。
at the time 表示“在时”，注重时间的开始。
5. give one a ride=hitch a ride with sb.意思是“让某人搭便车”
6. forget to do sth.意思是“忘记做某事”，指“要做的事情忘记做”.
7. forget doing sth.意思是“忘记做了某事”，指“做了某事而把它忘记了”.
九年级英语unit10中的过去完成时。
1) 构成：由助动词had + 过去分词构成
否定式：had not + 过去分词缩写形式：hadn’t
2) 用法：：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。
3) 它所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。
①表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语来表示。
②也可以用when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句来表示。
③还可以通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示。
by the time he got here, the bus had left. 到他到达这里时，汽车已经离开了 (p76,1b,3)英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 le**e + 地点，而不是forget+地点 i left my book at home this morning.今天早晨我把书忘在家里了。
(p79,2c) happen to sb:某事发生在某人身上a car accident happened to him last year.去年他出了一次车祸。
(p80,3a, 4行) ①so that (如此以致于) 引导结果状语从句，so adj\adv that+句子：如此以致于 she is so young that she can’t go to school. 她太年轻而不能去上学。
(结果状语从句)
so that作“为了”时，引导目的状语从句，从句常出现情态动词，作结果状语从句时从句中一般有情态动词 。如：she got up early so that she could catch the bus..
为了能赶上车，她起得很早。(目的状语从句)
二、过去完成时的判断依据。
1. 由时间状语来判定。
1 ） by + 过去的时间点。
如： i had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如： we had learned over two thousand english words by the end of last term.
3 ） before + 过去的时间点。
如： they had planted six hundred trees before last wednesday.
2. 由"过去的过去"来判定。
过去完成时表示"过去的过去"，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：
1 ）宾语从句中。
当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：
she said that she had seen the film before.
2 ）状语从句中。
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：
when i got to the station, the train had already left.
after he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
注意： before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：
where did you study before you came here?
3 ）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
we had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
过去完成时练习题。
1．he asked me __during the summer holidays.
a. where i had been b. where i had gone
c. where had i been d. where had i gone
2. what __jane __by the time he was sever?
a. did, do b. has, done c did, did. d. had, done
3. i __900 english words by the time i was ten。
a. learned b. was learning c. had learned d. learnt
4. she __lived here for __years.
a. had, a few b. has, several c. had, a lot of d. has, a great deal of
5. by the time my parents reached home yesterday, i __the dinner already.
a had cooked b. cooked c. h**e cooked d. was cooked
6. she said shethe principle already
a .has seen b. saw c. will see d. had seen
he __tv.
a .fell asleep…watch b. was falling asleep…watched
c. fell asleep……was watching d. had fallen asleep…watched
8. by the time he was ten years old, he
a. has completed university b. has completed the university
b. had completed an university d. had completed university
9. she had written a number of books __the end of last year.
a. for b. in c. by d. at
10. he __to play __before he was 11 years old.
a had learned, piano b. had learned, the piano
c. has learned, the piano d. learns ,piano.
11. what __annie __by the time he was ten?
a. did, do b. did, did c. has, done d. had done
12 .he __in the factory for three years before he joined the army.
a. has worked b. works c. had worked d. will work
13. by the end of last week, they __the bridge.
a. has completed b. completed c. will complete d. had completed
14. ben hates playing __violin, but he likes playing __football.
a. a…the b. the… the c. /the d. the…/
15. by the time he was 4, he __a lot of german words.
a. had learned b. has learned c. learned d. learns
16 .jim turned off the lights and then __the classroom.
a. was left b. had left c. has left d. left
guangzhou since 2000.
a. lived b. had lived c. h**e lived d. were living
18. the train from beijing___ten minutes ago.
a. has arrived b. was arriving c. arrived d. had arrived
19. the studentstheir classroom when the visitors arrived.
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