unit 10 教学资料总汇。
一、学习目标：
1.掌握英语里反意疑问句的用法；
2.巩固已学过的七种时态；
3.学会用英语闲聊。
二、学习重点难点：
1.反意疑问句（tag question）也叫附加疑问句，是一种常用于口语的疑问句式，主要由“陈述句＋附加疑问”构成，附加疑问部分的动词一般要与陈述部分的动词相对应，附加一闻部分的主语要与陈述部分的主语相对应，如果陈述部分的主语是名词词组，则附加疑问部分用相应的代词表示。
反意疑问句主要有两类，即“陈述句＋反意附加疑问”和“陈述句＋非反意附加疑问”。这两类又可以分为以下四种形式：
a. 肯定的陈述句＋否定的附加疑问句。
例如：that clock is slow, isn’t it?
b. 否定的陈述句＋肯定的附加疑问句。
例如：that clock isn’t slow, is it?
c. 肯定的陈述句＋肯定的附加疑问句。
例如：that clock is slow, is it?
d. 否定的陈述句＋肯定的附加疑问句。
例如：that clock isn’t slow, isn’t it?
前两种形式是主要的，后两种形式使用场合较少。
反意疑问句也可由“祈使句＋附加疑问”构成。
例如：carry this box for me, will you?
remember to buy some meat, won’t you?
2对于我们已经学过的七种时态，这里各举两例：
一般现在时：
lily likes going shopping, doesn’t she?
they aren’t students, are they?
现在进行时：
you’re going to the cinema, aren’t you?
she isn’t waiting for me, is she?
现在完成时：
they h**e been to singapore, h**en’t they?
jack hasn’t finished his homework, has he?
现在完成进行时：
you h**e been living in beijing all these years, h**en’t you?
denis hasn’t been watching tv, has she?
一般过去时：
they had a good time at the party last saturday, didn’t they?
fanny didn’t go home last night, did she?
过去进行时：
you were ****** dinner when i called, weren’t you?
she wasn’t sleeping at this time yesterday, was she?
一般将来时：
we will h**e wonderful summer holidays, won’t we?
they won’t come back until midnight, will they?
3．关于反意疑问句的构成，有以下几点值得注意：
a.当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, no one, nobody, somebody等指人的合成词时，反意疑问句的附加部分的主语在正式语体中通常用he。
例如：everybody knows what he has to do, doesn’t he?
nobody wants to go there, does he?
none of the boys can do it, can he?
在非正式语体中则往往用they。
例如：nobody phoned while i was out, did they?
everyone enjoyed the party, didn’t they?
somebody borrowed my dictionary yesterday, didn’t they?
但若陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等指物的合成词时，反意疑问句的附加部分的主语只能用it。
例如：nothing could stop them, could it?
everything is ready, isn’t it?
b.当陈述部分是there be句型时，反意疑问句的附加部分的主语也用there。
例如：there’s no help for it, is there?
there’s something strange, isn’t there?
c.陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词是，反意疑问句的附加部分的动词用肯定形式。
例如：father rarely got drunk, did he?
few people know him, do they?
she seldom goes swimming, does she?
如果陈述部分的否定词仅带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定句处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。
例如：she was unsuccessful, wasn’t she?
d.如果陈述部分的主语是i’m…结构，反意疑问句的附加部分一般用aren’t i。
例如：i am an adult, aren’t i?
e.如果陈述部分以不定代词one作主语，附加疑问部分的主语在正式场合用one，在非正式场合用you。
例如：one can’t be too honest, can one?
one can’t be too honest, can you?
f.当陈述部分是一个带有that－分句作宾语的主从结构时，反意疑问句的附加部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。
例如：you think you are humorous, don’t you?
he thinks he is going to become an actor, doesn’t he?
she says (that) i did it, doesn’t she?
但是，当陈述部分的主句是i suppose, i think, i believe, i suspect, i imagine等结构时，反意疑问句的附加部分则往往与that－分句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移。
例如：i suppose (that) he’s funny, isn’t he?
i don’t think (that) she likes my clothes, does she?
g.在由“祈使句＋附加疑问句”构成的反意疑问句中，附加疑问部分一般用will you, won’t you, would you。
例如：don’t close the window, will you?
be quiet, would you?
但是，在以let’s开头的祈使句之后，附加疑问部分用shall we。
例如：let’s go out to play soccer, shall we?
let’s h**e a rest, shall we?
以let us开头的祈使句，含义是allow us，不包括听话人在内，因此反意疑问句的附加部分用will you。
例如：let us stop now, will you?
let us h**e a look at your book, will you?
4.反意疑问句的回答方式和一般疑问句一致，根据事实来回答。注意当陈述部分是一个否定句时，英文的回答方式和中文的回答方式有差别。
例如：she is a beautiful girl, isn’t she? 她是个漂亮的姑娘，不是吗？
yes, she is是的，她是。
no, she isn’t不，她不是。
you don’t like onions, do you? 你不喜欢洋葱，是吗？
yes, i do不，我喜欢。
no, i don’t是的，我不喜欢。
强化练习：一、请在下面的空格中填入适当的附加疑问句：
1. mary has to go home now
2. that’s your twin brother
3 there’s nothing wrong
4. jack had a talk with his father
5. one can’t be too careful
6. give me a hand
7. he was cleaning his house all day yesterday
8. nothing can stop us now
9. anyone can go to the party
10. they won’t be ready till next year
11. i am not the one you’re thinking about
12. let’s go camping
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