构成：助动词had + 动词的过去分词（
用法：强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前。
强调 “过去的过去”
1. 用于宾语从句中，表示在说话前已完成。可和already,never,ever,yet等连用。
他说他以前见过你。
he said that he had seen (see) you before.
eg: 1.他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。
he told me that his team had already won(win)
2. 她说她仍没去过长城。
she said that she hadn’t been to(not go to) the great wall yet.
过去分词的构成：过去完成时的构成：由助动词had + 动词的过去分词（
1. 规则动词的变化：
a) 一般情况下在动词后面加 ed
work --worked playplayed
b) 以 e 结尾的动词直接加 d
use --used refuse --refused
c) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，把 y 改 i 再加 ed
study --studied carry --carried
d) 以重读闭音节结尾的，前面有单个元音字母时，双写辅音字母，再加 ed
stop --stopped drop --dropped
2.还可与when, before, as soon as, till/ until 等引导时间状语的从句连用，强调动作发生的时间前后。
eg：1. 她到家之前她的孩子已经睡着了。
when she got home her children had slept(sleep).
2. 在他们到达之前电影已经开始了。
before they arrived here the film had already started(start).
3. 我完成作业了就去睡觉了。
last night, as soon as i had finished(finish) my work i went to sleep.
3. 表过去的过去已开始，这一动作一直持续或还将持续下去。
1. 到了六点钟为止，他们已经工作了八小时了。
by six o’clock they had worked (work)for eight hours.
2. 我到广州时，他在那里很长时间了。
when i came to gz , he had been(be) there for a long time.
3.到上个月底我们在北京住了有五年时间了。
by the end of last month we had lived(live) in beijing for five years.
过去完成时与 by then(截止到那时); by 9 o’clock(直到九点钟) by the end of …(在…结束/末之前by the time…(在…时之前); up till then (直到那时); up until last night(直到昨晚）等连用，表示过去的过去。
1. 到昨晚上，他已写完那封信。
by yesterday evening he had written (write) that letter.
2. 当我进来时，他已做完了作业。
when i came in he had finished(finish) his homework.
时间标志词。
1. after he had finished(finish) his work he went out.
2. the children ran away after they had broken (break) the window.
3. i went to tom’s house but he had broken(go) out.
4. annie told me that his father had gone ( go ) to paris and he would come ( come ) back in a few days.
5. my friend bought(buy) the car two years ago. he has had (buy) it for two years.
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