非谓语动词的应用冀教版。
一、教学内容：
暑假专版（二） 非谓语动词专练。
具体教学内容】
非谓语动词也叫动词的非限定形式，包括动词不定式，v-ing和过去分词。
一）动词不定式的用法：
1. 作主语：
to learn english well is important.
to eat vegetables can help us keep healthy.
动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换。
learning english is important.
eating vegetables can help us keep healthy.
动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。
it’s important to learn english.
it can help us keep healthy to eat vegetables.
2. 作表语：
my job is to teach english.
his hobby is to collect stamps.
3. 作宾语：
动词不定式常用作及物动词的宾语，这些动词有：want, begin/start, like/love, forget/remember, learn/teach, decide, wish, hope, agree, plan等。
he wants to go home at once.
i began to play the piano when i was four.
4. 作定语：
i h**e much work to do.
do you h**e anything to say?
would you like sth. to eat?
it’s a good place to h**e fun.
这种不定式与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。如果这个不定式是不及物动词，它后面就要有必要的介词。
there is nothing to worry about.
he has no room to live in.
the dog is easy to take care of.
i’d like some ***** to write on.
5. 作状语：
i came here to see you. （目的）
i’m sorry to hear that. （原因）
tom is too young to go to school. （结果）
to get to work, he takes no.7 bus every day. （目的）
6. 作宾语补足语：
宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语是什么或怎么样。带宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, invite, allow, want, wish, encourage等。
lucy asked him to turn down the radio.
mother told me not to come home late.
i’d like you to meet my family.
在使役动词make, let, h**e和感官动词see, hear, watch等动词后的宾语补足语，其不定式的to要省略。而help 后的不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。
could you please help me (to) do some housework?
i hear him sing every night.
we saw her play the piano last night.
it made me feel sad.
let him go, please.
7. “疑问词+不定式”结构：
疑问词who, what, when, where, how, which等后接不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。
where to live is a problem. （主语）
do you know when to start? （宾语）
the problem is how to use the machine. （表语）
i don’t know to do it. （宾语）
a. whatb. how
二）v-ing包括动名词和现在分词两种类型。
一）动名词的用法：
1. 作主语：
2. 作表语：her f**orite is reading.
3. 作宾语：
4. 作定语：it’s a reading room.
running star, living room, eating habit, english-speaking country, tree-planting day
5. 有些动词后只能跟动名词而不能跟不定式，这些动词有：
enjoystop sb. from doing sth. （阻止某人做某事）
feel like doing sth. 想要做某事go doing 去做……
spend…(in) doing 花费……做某事 ⑥thanks for doing sth. 因某事感谢某人。
h**e fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很有趣/高兴。
practice doing sth. 练习做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事。
mind doing sth. 介意做某事11) be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事。
12) give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 (13) can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事。
14) h**e trouble/problem/a hard time doing sth. 做某事有困难。
15) put off doing sth. 推迟做某事
16) prefer doing to (介词) doing… 比起……更喜欢……
6. 有些动词后所带的宾语既可以是不定式，又可以是动名词，但所表达的意义不同。
1）stop
she stoppedtalk) with me when she saw me.
it’s time for class. please stoptalk).
2）go on（继续）
he didn’t h**e a rest and went onwork).
after cleaning the room, we went on (cook).
3）forget /remember
i usually forgotclose) the door, but i remembered (close) it just now.
4）trywhy not try (do) it in another way?
he always tries to finish his work before dinner.
二）现在分词的用法：
1. there are many people lying on the beach. （后置定语）
2. do you know the girl wearing glasses? （后置定语）
3. i saw a boy crying in the corner. （宾语补足语）
4. can you hear someone singing outside? （宾语补足语）
5. the sleeping girl is my daughter. （定语）
三）过去分词的用法：
1. 作定语：i know a boy called tom.
this is a book written by lu xun.
the trees planted by them grow well.
2. 作宾语补足语：
i will h**e /get my hair cut. 我要去理发。
h**e /get sth. +v过去分词 “让……被……”
we should get the house cleaned.
模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）
一、单项选择。
1. colors can make us happy or sad.
a. to feel b. feelingc. feltd. feel
2. all of them want sth. for you.
a. dob. to doc. doingd. did
3. let’s stop . i know a great restaurant near here.
a. to h**e a meal b. to h**e a rest c. h**ing a rest d. h**ing a meal
4. remember the book in time when you finish .
a. to return, readingb. to return, to read
c. returning, readingd. returning, to read
5. although he was a child, he tries to find ways people life.
a. to help, enjoy b. help, enjoy c. to help, enjoying d. help, enjoying
6. my aunt enjoys in the countryside.
a. livesb. to livec. livingd. live
7. —nancy, you may listen to the radio. but would you mindyour father is sleeping.
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