applicable代替proper,
approaches代替ways,
implement代替 carry out,
sharpen one’s competitive edge代替
enhance one’s competitiveness(提高某物竞
争力) significant,vital,main,crucial,momentous 代替important
1. individuals, characters, folks替换(people ,persons)
2. positive, f**orable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good
3. dreadful, unf**orable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad
如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换
army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. when it approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.
4. (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.
注：用many, if not most/all 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 eg.
many individuals, if not most/all, hold the idea that….同理， 用most, if not all ,替换most.
some people, if not most/all, hold the idea that…
5. a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some
6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that,
hold the view that, it is widely shared that,
it is universally acknowledged that)替think (因为是书面语，所以要加that)
7. affair,business,matter 替换thing
8. shared 代 common
9. reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits )
10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion
11. increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.
修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.
has gained growing popularity.
sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.
12. little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly
13..beneficial, rewarding替换helpful,useful
14. shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer
intensely 替换very
necessary, hardly inevitable ..替换 unnecessary, **oidable
appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in
one's attention替换attract one's attention.
代aspect
indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear
rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause.
22. there are several reasons behind sth 替换。reasons for sth
替换want.
attention into 替换pay attention to
in mind that 替换remember
26. enjoy, possess 替换h**e(注意process是过程的意思)
27. interaction替换communication
on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth
29. to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance
30. next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible
第一节文章开头。
1．开门见山法。
(1) 现在许多人谈论最多的问题…。他们抱怨说…。
one of the most popular topics many people talk about now is …)
(2) 目前，我们面临的严重问题之一是…
(one of the serious problems facing us at present is …)
(3) 最近，…问题已引起公众的广泛注意。
（recently the problem of … has been brought to public attention.
(4) 当被问及当今社会最大的问题是什么时， 许多人认为…
(when asked about the biggest problem today, many people say…)
(5) 现在许多人讨论的热门话题之一是…
(one of the hottest topics many people talk about now is …)
(6) 最近，下岗工人成为人们议论的焦点。
(recently the problem of the laid-off workers has been brought into focus/brought to public attention.)
2．引用不同或错误观点法。
(1) 人们普遍认为…。他们觉得…。但我认为…。
(it is commonly believed that…. they argue that… .but i doubt that…)
(2) 当论及…时，一些人认为…, 另一些人却认为…
(when it comes to …,some people believe that … others argue that …)
3) 对…人们的态度各不同。
(different people hold different attitudes toward …)
(4) 人们对…的观点因人而异。有些人认为…。 然而其他人却认为…
(people’s views on … vary from person to person. some hold that … however,
others believe that …)
(5) 人们普遍存在一种误解，认为…
(there is a common misconception among people that …)
(6) 或许，是该重新审视…态度的时候了。
(perhaps it is time to reexamine the attitude that …)
3. 引用被普遍接受的观点或事实法。
(1) 随着人们生活水平的提高，…变得越了来越普及了。
(with the development of people’s living standard, …is becoming more and more popular.)
(2) 随着科学技术的发展，越来越多的人认为…。
(with the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that …)
(3) 任何事情都有两方面，… 也不例外。它既有好的一面，也有不好的一面。
(everything has two sides and … is not an exception. it has both advantages and
disadvantages.)
(4) 虽然普遍的观点是…，但最近的一项研究显示…
although the popular idea is that … a recent study shows that …)
(5) 最近一项调查表明…。所以有些人认为…，另一些人却不这样认为。
a recent survey indicates that … so some people take the view that … others,
however, don’t think so.)
第三节几种常见作文类型的分析。
一、提纲式作文。
从2023年1月到2023年6月的22次大学英语四级的写作中，只有一次是图表作文，两次书信作文，其余的全是提纲式作文，就是图表作文和书信作文中也还是给出提纲的。由此可见，提纲式作文在大学英语四级的写作中是何等的重要。因而，我们要格外重视这种作文。
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