作文写不好的原因:
1. 心理障碍,一个字,怕!
2. 词汇量太少(input)
3. 不知道如何把已学的单词,句子用到作文中。即不知如何表达 (output)
评分标准:1. 紧扣题目,即按题目的要求(不偏题)
2. 字数大学英语四级120个单词左右。
3. 学生的词汇量是否丰富(技巧:一篇作文里,尽量不要重复出现某个词,或短语---即要表达同一个意思,可以用不同的词来表示eg, chance/opportunity,get/acquire/obtain, connect with/relate to / associate with )
4.句子的结构是否多样化(技巧:不要习惯用中文的思维去写句子,总是“主-谓-宾”)
5. 学生思路清晰,逻辑性强
6. 字迹工整。
针对以上学生写作差的原因及评分标准对策:(准备工作)
1. 克服心理障碍,不就是写作文嘛,100-120个字,只要根据我教你们的步骤做,作文水平一定可以提高。
2. 增加词汇量,这个问题太难了,但是你们先回答一个我的问题,“背30个单词,20组连接词,对你们来说有没有难度?”你可能会问,背30个单词就够了?
当然,我这里的单词不是随便背的,而是针对作文的特征,30个单词在无论是以什么topic 的情况下,我们都能用上的单词。
eg. n. advantage/merit, disadvantage/shortcoming,
v. acquire/obtain/maintain, (获得); create ;organize;arrange ;benefit (对。。。有利,对。。。
有好处); accomplish/fulfill one’s dream(实现理想) ;connect with/relate to / associate with ; provide sth for sb./provide sb. with sth.
;be determined to do sth. /decide to do sth. ;depend on sth.
; prevent sb. from doing sth.; influence(影响), get acquainted with(know), be satisfied with/be content with(满足,满意) make(full) use of chance/opportunity to do sth.
, be aware of(意识到);be faced with(面临着); be willing to do sth.
get rid of, now and then/once in a while(sometimes),
to one’s surprise/disappointment/ relief/ embarrassment/excitement/frustration
be seen as;be regarded as;be considered to be(被认为是);
adj. beneficial/ advantageous;(有利的,有益的)(比helpful /good/useful来得好)
harmful/detrimental (有害的);
positive(积极的); negative(消极的)
difficult; confident;
indispensable (必不可少的,不可或缺的);necessary
significant (important);adequate (足够的)—enough;
dependent, independent
adv. frequently (usually) ;fortunately, unfortunately;
3. 句型的使用(多样化)
1 it’s+adj./adv. for sb. to do sth.
it’s significant for our college students to communicate with our roommates.
被动态的使用(如果有难度,就把写好的一句主动态的句子改成被动态)
but sometimes the harmony in the dormitory be disturbed in one way or another.
定语从句的使用 (由which, who, that引导 )
with 的独立主格结构。
谚语的使用。
as an old saying goes, we should seize every chance before it pulls away from us.(机不可失,时不再来)
-ing, -ed 分词短语做状语的句型。
eg. written in a great haste, the report was full of errors.
faced with a choice between le**ing and staying, he experienced several sleepless nights.
influenced by her family, mary became a teacher after graduation.
h**ing had dinner, the committee members discussed the problem.
强调句 it’s…who/that
倒装句 hardly …when, no sooner than….,
4. 连接词/逻辑词的使用(句子与句子之间的连接词,使之更具有逻辑性)
逻辑:首先)firstly/at the beginning/at first/ in the first place/to begin with
其次)secondly/what’s more/furthermore/moreover/in addition/besides
最后)thirdly/finally/ at last/eventually/in the end/in a word/ in conclusion/to sum up, all in all
(一方面,另一方面)on the one hand, on the other hand
强调) obviously, in particular, particularly, especially, undoubtedly, actually, as a matter of fact
目的) for the sake of---in order to , lead to/result in ,
转折) however/nevertheless(而不用but),after all; regardless of(不管,不顾) /in spite of/ despite; (尽管)
原因)because, because of, since, now that, owing to, on account of , thanks to, as a result of,结果) hence/therefore/consequently ; lead to/result in
套语)as is known to all, (众所周知,大家都知道)generally speaking(一般说来),
we can’t defy the fact that we are living in the computer age.
个人观点)personally speaking, /in my opinion/ as far as i’m concerned/for my part ( i think)
以上四点是我们要做的前期工作,大家要按我的要求,去课本上找你喜欢的、使用范围广的至少30个单词,20组连接词,以及清楚这八大句型的正确使用,一定要牢牢记好。当然,这些单词,词组及句型并不能全都用上,但根据具体情况,可以用上一半一上。。。
在考场上,如何做呢?建议:
1. 花1分钟左右的时间把你脑子里的这50个知识点和八大句型快速地写在稿纸上。句型可缩写。(这样做可减轻头脑负担,以便专心做第二点)
2. 审题:按题目的要求,一般有三句话,根据这三句话进行展开。
3. 把稿纸上的单词,词组结合句型往下搬。搬一个,就在上面打勾,表示已用过,呆会就不要再看它了。一直到写完整篇作文。
4. 检查是否有语病,或简单的语法错误。如词性是否使用正确,第三人称单数做主语时,动词后要加s, 整篇作文的时态要一致,如一般现在时,或过去时。
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