同步教育信息】
一。 本周教学内容:
unit 5 it must belong to carla
一。 学习目标(language goal)
how to make inferences(对目前发生的事)学会做出推测和判断。
二。 语言结构(language structures)
1. to use could, may, might, must and couldn’t / can’t to show how certain you are about a present situation.
学会使用could, may, might, must及couldn’t/can’t等词,表示对当前发生的事情做出推测和判断。
2. 区别这些词在程度上的不同。
3. “whose”引导的疑问句。(whose questions)
三。 目标语言(target language)
1. whose volleyball is this?
it must be carla’s. she loves volleyball.
2. whose french book is this?
it could be ali’s . she studies french.
3. whose guitar is this?
it might belong to alice. she plays the guitar.
4. whose t-shirt is this?
it can’t be john’s. it’s much too small for him.
四。 重点词组(key phrases)
1. belong to 属于。
2. hair band 发带。
3. because of 因为。
4. chinese-english dictionary 汉英词典。
5. oxford university 牛津大学。
6. use up用光、用完。
7. the only kid 独生子,唯一的孩子。
8. classical music 古典**。
9. make guesses 做出猜测。
10. outside our window 在窗子外面。
11. no more不再。
12. escape from逃离。
13. be careful of 留神、当心。
五。 grammar focus (语法重点)表示推测的情态动词。
modals of probability and possibility)
1. 在英语中,表示对某件事物的确定程度,即表示推测的时候,我们通常会用到以下情态动词,must, might, could, may, can’t, couldn’t.
例如:look at the picture, what do you think it is?
(无论你认为图形表示什么,这都是一种猜测,你可以用以下的句子来回答。)
eg. it could be a donut.
(它可能是个炸圈饼)
it might be a hat from above.
它可能是个从上面看的帽子。
it must be an eyeball.
它一定是个眼球。
2. 根据确信程度的不同,你可以选择用不同的词。
(1)20%-80% certain(possible): could, might, may
you can use could, might, may to express possibility to show that you believe something is possible, but you are not very certain if it is true or not. you are ****** a guess. may shows that you are a little more certain that something is true.
当你不确认某件事情是否是真实的,表示“可能”“或许”的意思时,可以用could, might, may来表示。may表示可能性要稍大一些。
如:situation: he’s got a baseball hat on.
又如:situation: she is wearing a white coat.
(2)90%certain (probable): must
use must to express probability (to show that you believe something is probably true. 如果你非常确信某事是真的,就用must. “一定是”“肯定是”
eg. situation: he’s wearing a baseball hat. he’s carrying a baseball glove.
(推测)he must play baseball.
注意:must只有在肯定句中才表示判断。在否定句和疑问句中,要用can’t和can。
must可用来表示我们对某事确有把握(因为从逻辑上来说它是必然的)例如:
jane’s light is on. she must be at home. she can’t be out.
简的房间里开着灯。她一定在家,不会出去的。
mary must h**e some problem: she keeps crying.
玛丽一定有什么问题:她一直在哭。
there’s the doorbell. it must be dick.
门铃响了。一定是迪克。
(3)100% certain(certain):事实,无须推测,则不能用could, might, must.
if these are facts, you don’t use could might or must.
eg. situation: it’s in the middle of a baseball game.
he is throwing a ball to his teammate. he plays baseball.
3. 表示肯定的推测,句式为:主语+情态动词+动词(subject + modal + verb)
eg. 注意。
(1)jack could live here. (情态动词后面必须用动词原形)
而不是jack could lives here. (
(2)alex might know him.
而不是alex mights know him. (情态动词没有人称和数的变化)
(3)shirley may be at home.
而不是shirley maybe at home. (maybe不是情态动词,而是副词不能做谓语)
4. 表示否定的推测,句式为:主语+情态动词+not+动词。
请注意表示否定的推测时,一般用can’t, couldn’t. couldn’t表示非常的不可能,可能性极小。
eg. that’s impossible! tom couldn’t be in hong kong.
i saw him just a few minutes ago. he can’t be there.
六。 key points. (疑难解析)
1. whose questions whose引导的特殊疑问句。
whose“谁的”,象物主代词一样,亦有名词和形容词的性质。
eg. (1)whose pens are these?
这些是谁的笔?
they are li ming’s
这些是李明的。
whose具有形容词的性质,回答则用“li ming’s (pens))
(2)whose father went abroad two years ago?
两年前谁的父亲出国了?
(whose后面加名词做定语修饰后面的名词)
(3)whose is this umbrella?
it’s mine.
(whose在这里是名词性,作表语,回答用名词性物主代词,mine相当于my umbrella)
belong to 作“属于”讲。例如:
that car belongs to my uncle.
那辆车是我叔叔的。
who does this bag belong to?
那个提包是谁的?
i belong to the swimming club.
我是这个游泳俱乐部的成员。
3. he was the only little kid at the picnic.
他是野餐中唯一的小孩儿。
only: (1)形容词,置于单数名词之前,变为“唯一的,仅有的”
置于复数名词之前,意为“只有、仅”;另外还有“最适合的最佳的”的意思。
eg. a. this is my only son.
这是我的独生子。
her only answer is a smile.
她仅以微笑回答。
b. they were the only people who had the keys.
只有他们有钥匙。
c. she is the only woman for the position.
她是那个职位的最佳人选。
(2)副词:“只,仅,才”
eg. a. only you understand me.
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