中考英语语言知识考点。
常考要点】
名词是表示人或事物名称的词。纵观各地中考英语试题,对名词的考查重点在于:
1、名词的各种分类,单、复数的用法及单数名词变复数名词的方式。
2、不可数名词数量的表达法。
3、名词所有格及其用法
4、名词作主语时的主谓一致。
5、语境中名词的选择。根据语境确定名词的词义,再根据句法进一步确定词形。
解题技巧】
考查名词的常见题型有单项选择、词形转换、单词拼写、用单词的适当形式填空和英汉互译等。做这类题时,必须首先认真理解全句的意思,先根据语境搞清词义,即确定用哪个词,再确定词形如单、复数、所有格等。
真题例解】
1. half of the class___most of the work. some of the work___really
difficult
a. h**e done, is b. has done, are c. has done, is d. h**e done, are
解析:集体名词作主语时,如果强调整个集体,谓语动词用单数;如果强调组成集体的成员,谓语动词用复数;不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。这里前面的集体名词class强调其中的成员,后面的work是不可数名词。
答案:a
our school team wins the last two __比赛),we will be the top
解析:这是一个单词拼写题。要求根据汉语写单词。
“比赛”英语单词是match或game,是可数名词。根据题意,“最后两场比赛”中“比赛”应用复数,可表示为the last two matches或the last two games。答案:
matches/games
3.-are there any __on the farm
-yes, there are some.
a. horse b. duck c. chicken d. sheep
解析:由“are there …”及“yes, there are some”可知,主语应为复数。而a、b、c三项均为单数,d项sheep的单复数同形。答案:d。
germans want to h**e some __for supper, so they decide to catch
___now.
many much much many
解析:fish表示“菜肴”(鱼肉)时是不可数名词,如fried fish(炸鱼);表示“条数”时单复数同形,如two fish(两条鱼);指个别的鱼或种类时用fishes,如there are plenty of fish/many kinds of fish(es) around the island.那个岛屿的周围有很多鱼/有很多种鱼。
答案:a
read __sports news about the f1 race today.
a. two b. pieces c. two pieces d. two pieces of
解析:news(新闻,消息)是不可数名词。不可数名词的确切数量可借助单位词组来表示,如a piece of,a cup of ,two glasses of,three bottles of,etc.
答案:d 6. ―what would you like to drink, girls
please.
a. two cup of coffee b. two cups of coffees
c. two cups of coffee d. two cup of coffees
解析:coffee(咖啡)是不可数名词。可用“数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”这样的结构来表示它的数量。
量词(piece, bottle, glass, pair, cup等)是可数名词,可根据情况用单数或复数,但of后面的名词只能用单数。答案:c。
【巩固操练】
i. 选择填空。
) thirsty. will you please give me some
a. pencils b. cake c. water d. books
)2.―would you like
―thank you,but i’m not thirsty.
sandwiches bread mooncakes orange
) think i’ll buy some
deggs.
)4.―will you please make __for the woman with a baby?
― my seat,please.
rooms room room
) h**e bought twofor the coming party.
of apple of apples
of apples of apple
)6.―can i help you?
―i’d like for my twin daughters.
pair of shoes pairs of shoe
pair of shoe pairs of shoes
) shoes were worn wanted to buy a new
) is over from shijiazhuang to beijing.
hours’ drive b. three hour’s drive
hours’ drives hours drive
)9.__team in no. 4 middle school used to help___with their
training.
girls girl
boys’,the girls boy’s,the girl
) xiang,21,is an olympic winner in the __hurdles(跨
栏).we’re proud of him.
a.110-metre b.110-metres c.110 metre
)11.-how many___do you want?
-a kilo,please.
) guide hasshe will show them to us.
old ***** special food
new jacket beautiful pictures
) are few___in the go and buy some
pears,carrots and cabbages.
)14.-what class are you in,mike?
-i’m in
three,class two two,grade three
two,grade three three,class two
) keep you make a lot of___you may disturb
others.
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