导语:英语语法是针对英语语言实行研究后,英语语法系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。
语法时态。语法:直接引语变间接引语。
直接引用别人的话叫直接引语,用来转述别人的话叫间接引语。例:
he said, "he will go to beijing tomorrow." 直接引语)
he said that he would go to beijing the next day.
直接引语变间接引语时时态、人称及一些时间或个别词都要做相对应的改变。
①时态:一般现在时→一般过去时一般将来时→过去将来时。
现在实行时→过去实行时一般过去时→过去完成时。
现在完成时→过去完成时。
* 但真理性的句子时态不变。例:
he said: "the sun rises in the east."
he said that the sun rises in the east.
他说太阳从东方升起。
②时间:now→then, last month→the month before.
today→ that day, three days ago→three days before.
tonight→that night, tomorrow→the next day.
yesterday→the day before, the day after tomorrow→in two days.
③其它变化:
this→that these→those here→there
come→go
句式的改变:
①直接引语是陈述句加"that"能够省去。例:
he said, "my sister was here three days ago."→
he said that his sister had been there three days before.
②直接引语是一般疑问句,变成用if/whether引导的宾语从句,人称时态等作相对应改变。
mother asked me, "did you buy any meat for lunch?"→
mother asked me if/whether i had bought some meat for lunch.
③直接引语是特殊问句,变成由原来疑问词一样的连接词引导的宾语从句,时态人称等作相对应改变。例:
"what do you do?" he asked me.
he asked me what i did.
④直接引语是选择问句变成由whether或if引导的宾语从句。
"do you like english or chinese?" he asked me.
he asked me whether i liked english or chinese.
语法:被动语态。
1.英语中动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。
当我们强调谁是某个动作的执行者,即"谁做了某种事情"时,用主动语态。
eg: daniel bought a new computer 丹尼尔买了一台新电脑。(不是别人)
如果主语不是动作的执行者,而是动作的承受者时,就是被动语态。
eg: a new computer was bought by daniel 一台新电脑被丹尼尔买了。
被动语态的谓语由be + 动词的过去分词构成,其中be是助动词,随时态改变。
一般现在时的被动语态由"am / is / are +动词的过去分词"构成。
一般过去时的被动语态由"was / were +动词的过去分词"构成。
2.被动语态的用法:
当不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者时,用被动语态。
eg: rice is grown in south china. 华南种植水稻。(没必要说明是谁种)
人教版初三英语语法和练习
名词,代词,数词,冠词,介词,it用法,主谓一致。一 名词。1.可数名词复数形式的构成 略 注意 1 two women doctors,three men teachers 2 sports meet运动会sports woman女运动员。2.不可数名词 information,advice,ne...
人教版初三英语语法和练习
名词,代词,数词,冠词,介词,it用法,主谓一致。一 名词。1.可数名词复数形式的构成 略 注意 1 two women doctors,three men teachers 2 sports meet运动会sports woman女运动员。2.不可数名词 information,advice,ne...
初三上册英语重点短语
我们总结出来的初一到初三整个初中的英语短语,如果没有翻译的话,理解起来也会有一定的困难。下面是x给大家整理的初一到初三的重点英语短语加翻译,供大家参阅!初一到初三的重点英语短语加翻译11.the next day第二天2.drink tea喝茶3.find out找出 查明4.go on继续5.ta...