词汇达标手册单词详解(字母b)
exercise
1. write out the following nouns and their plural forms:
基础，根据 basis bases
细菌 bacterium bacteria
气球 balloon balloons
阳台 balcony balconies
行李 baggage baggage
竹 bamboo bamboo
单身汉，学士 bachelor bachelors
2. translate the following sentences into english:
我的观点是以事实为基础的。(base)
my opinion is based on actual facts.
学生们被禁止课间离开学校。(ban)
the students are banned from le**ing the school between classes.
我们和数学老师在作业量上讨价还价。(bargain)
we bargained with our math teacher on/over the amount of our homework.
p13-14
1. baby
baby-sitter, baby-sitting
2. back
1) n. at the ~ of
break one’s ~:work too strenuously
2) ad. step ~;sit ~;and forth
3) v. ~the car into the garage
~ a friend in an argument
3. background
4. backward(s)
5. bad
go from ~ to worse
be ~ for = be unsuitable/harmful for
badly adv. ~made/dressed/wounded/hurt
it is ~ in need of repair.
6. bag
let the cat out of the ~:tell a secret（无意中）泄露秘密。
in the ~:as desired 稳操胜算 the election is in the ~.
7. balance
1) v. how long can you ~ yourself) on one foot?
~ the budget = make (both) ends meet
a balanced diet
2) n. keep/lose one’s ~
in the ~:still uncertain, undecided 悬而未决。
8. ball
keep the ~ rolling: keep the conversation, etc going
舞会。9. band
1) 带，箍 rubber ~
2) 一伙，一帮 a ~ of robbers
3) 乐队 a jazz ~
10. bank
1) 河岸。
2) 银行 ~-book, ~note
~ holiday 除星期日以外的公共假日。
3) 库 blood ~
11. bar
1) 棒，条 a ~ of chocolate/soap
2) 障碍 poor health may be a ~ to success in life.
3) 酒吧 barmaid, barman, bartender
12. base
1) 底，根基 the ~ of a pillar
2) （几何）底边，底面 bc is the ~ of the ******** abc.
3) 基地，根据地 an air ~
4) v. ~sth. on sth.
13. baseball
14. basic
basically adv.
15. basis
pl. bases
his arguments h**e a firm ~.
on the ~ of/that…
16. basketball
p15-16
exercise
write out the english words according to the chinese meanings:
1. there israinfall in this area.（丰富的）
2. the students has regularto the books in the school library.（接近的机会，享用权）
3to the test result, you are probably allergic to some food.（根据）
4by the department director, the manager inspected the workshop.（陪同，陪伴）
5. plantscarbon dioxide from the air.（吸收）
give the past forms and the past participles of the following verbs:
bear bore born(e)
bend bent bent
beat beat beaten
begin began begun
beg begged begged
1. bath
h**e/take a ~
bathe v. be ~d in 沐浴在……中。
go bathing = go swimming
2. bathroom
restroom
3. battery
4. battle
辨析： battle
warcampaign
5. be6. beach
on the ~
7. bear
1) n. 熊。
2) v. 携带，负载 ~ a he**y load
有，以……为人所知 ~ a good name
支持，负担 ~ the responsibility
忍受 i can’t ~ to see) the result.
the pain was almost more than he could ~.
she can’t ~ to be laughed at / being laughed at.
生 ~ a child; be born to a rich family
…in mind = keep…in mind; memorize
fruit: h**e a successful result 成功；取得成果。
8. beat
the boy
/defeat the enemy
the wings; her heart was ~ing wildly with joy.
off 击退。
sb. up 痛打某人。
9. beautiful
10. beauty
11. because
of12. become
of = happen to what will ~ of the children if their father dies?
辨析：become, get, go, come, turn表示“变得”
1) become 和 get 主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化或永久性的自然变化：
become/get angry, famous, fat, ill, old, well, deaf, strong, etc. 生气，成名，发胖，得病，变老，痊愈，变聋，变强等。
另外，become 和 get 还可用于指天气的变化和社会的趋势：
it’s becoming/getting cold (dark, cloudy, etc.).天渐冷了(黑了，多云了等)。
divorce is becoming/getting more common. 离婚现象越来越常见了。
2) go 和 come 表示变化时，前者主要指一种由强到弱或由好到坏的变化(可用于人或事物)，后者则主要指向好的方面变化：
go bald (deaf, insane, etc.) 发秃，变聋，发疯等。
the meat’s gone off (gone bad). 肉变味(变坏)了。
the radio’s gone wrong. 收音机出毛病了。
her wish has come true. 她的愿望实现了。
everything came right. 一切顺利。
3) go与turn都可用于人或事物颜色的变色：
she went/turned blue with cold. 她冻得脸色发青了。
the rotten meat went/turned green. 这块腐烂的肉变绿了。
turn可加名词 turn doctor = become a doctor
13. bed
go to ~
be in ~
put the children to ~
make the ~s
14. bedroom
15. beer
16. before
17. begin
sth. /to do sth. /doing sth.
to ~ with 首先，第一点 first of all, above all
18. beginning
from ~ to end
in the ~
19. beh**ior (uc.)
beh**e v.
20. behind
fall ~
stay/remain ~
le**e…~
21. belief
h**e/lose ~ in sth.
22. believe
sb. /sth. /that…/sb. to be…
in = trust
believe sb. =believe what sb. has said
23. bell
24. belong
tothis book belongs to me.
25. below above
26. belt
seat/safety ~
green ~
27. bench
28. beneath
below, under
29. benefit
sb. /sth. 有益于。
from sth. 从……中受益。
the railway will benefit the village.
the village will benefit from the railway.
30. beside
辨析： beside, besides
besides, except
except for
the room is dark except for the light coming through the chimney.
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