状语从句精讲

发布 2021-05-20 08:38:28 阅读 4197

状语从句复习。

状语从句是一个句子充当另一个句子的状语,表示主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因、方式、结果、目的以及让步,比较等等。

状语从句是历年高考题的重点、难点。命题一般是考查学生连词的掌握情况,根据两个句子的意思,判断两个句子之间的逻辑关系,选择合适的连词。常见的状语从句有九大类。

要牢记不同的连词的具体意思,是解题的关键。

一、时间状语从句。

常见连词: when / while / as; before / after; since; until; as soon as / immediately / instantly / the moment / the minute / the second; no sooner…than / hardly…when; the first time / every time / each time / next time

完成例句】

(1)我正在做饭,这时,门铃响了。

i was doing some cooking

the doorbell rang

(2)我正要下班,这时,天开始下大雨了。

i was about to le**e work

when the doorbell rang.;when i was doing some cooking. ;when it began to rain he**ily

结论1】when 通常意思为:当……时候; 正在那时……

完成例句】(3)你在北京期间能否给我收集一些红树叶?

can you collect some red le**es for me?

(4)那个男孩在过马路时被迎面驶来的小轿车撞了。

the boy was knocked over by a running car.

while you are in beijing ; while walking across the street

结论2】 while从句只能用延续性动词,(从句常用进行时态)

意思为:在……期间。

翻译句子】(5) 随着时间的推移,我们变得越来越聪明了。

6) 她一边写作业,一边唱歌。

as time goes by, we are growing wiser and wiser. she does her homework as she sings.

结论3】as 表示主句和从句的动作几乎同步进行。

意思为:一边……,一边……;随着……

完成例句】(7)我还没到家就觉得饿了。(在到家之前就觉得饿)

i had felt hungry

(8)我还没来得及向她道歉,她就离开了办公室。(在我能够说抱歉之前,她就离开了办公室)

she left the office

(9)还要过很久我们才能毕业。

we graduate.

before i arrived home. before i could say sorry to her. it will be long before

结论4】 before 在……之前 ;还没来得及……才

完成例句】(10)我来上海已经4年了。

结论5】 since “自从……以来”;是现在完成时的标志。

注意】 从句中若使用了延续性动词则所表意义为否定(即不做某事已多久)。

(it is/ has been four years since i came to shanghai.)

例:①我当医生已经3年了。(自从我成为医生以来,时间已经过去3年了。)

it is three years since i became a doctor. (瞬间动词)

②他不当医生已经3年了。it is three years since he was a doctor.(状态动词,不做某事已多久)

③我父亲不吸烟已有两年了。it is two years since my father smoked.(同上)

④我父亲吸烟已有两年了。it is two years since my father began to smoke.

翻译句子】(11)我一直睡到闹钟响为止。

(12)直到爸爸回来我才开始睡觉。

结论6】until ①在肯定句中,表示动作持续“到…为止”;②在否定句中,常与not连用,表示动作“直到……才开始”。

i slept until the clock alarmed. i didn't sleep until my father came back.

翻译句子】(13)她一到日本就给她妈妈打**了。

结论7】as soon as / immediately / the moment / the minute / the second

引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就”

she g**e a ring to her mother immediately she landed in japan.

完成例句】(14)她一离开办公室**就响了。

sheleft the officethe telephone rang.

(15)我们一吃过晚餐就开始修机器了。

wehad supperwe began to repair the machine.

we had supperwe began to repair the machine. (倒装句形式)

结论8】 no sooner…than… /hardly…when… 刚……就……

注意:主句时态用had done;从句用did )

had no sooner ;than ; had no sooner ;than ; no sooner had ; than

例句观察】

i see the film, i can't help recalling my childhood in the countryside.

每当看那部电影,我就忍不住回想起在农村度过的童年。

call me earlieryou come to shanghai.

你下次来上海早点儿给我打**。

结论9】特殊的状语从句连词有:

every time 每当,每次;the first time 第一次……时候,next time 下次……时,等。

every time ; next time

二、条件状语从句。

完成例句】(16)如果完成了作业,放学后他们就去打篮球。

they will play basketball after school

(17)除非被邀请,不然我是不会参加会议的。

i will not attend the meeting

(18)一旦被发现,他就会被逮捕。

he would be arrested.

if they finish their work. unless (i am )invited. once (he was) found,结论】(1)常见连词:

if / unless / once / as (so) long as / on condition that / provided(providing) that… /suppose (supposing) that… /say that… /let's say that…

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