高一英语必修1 必修2语法复习

发布 2021-05-19 09:06:28 阅读 4524

高一英语语法复习。

第一模块:被动态。

必修2 unit2(一般将来时被动态)

必修2 unit3(现在完成时被动态)

必修2 unit4(现在进行时被动态)

必修1 unit3(现在进行时表将来)

所有时态的被动态都需注意:

1. 介词短语不能省略(eg. take care of→be taken care of: of不能省)

2. 一些特殊动词无被动态(eg. wash, sell, write, open, cut等及感官动词: sound, taste, smell, feel, look等)

一) 必修2-unit2 一般将来时被动态

用法:发生在将来的事。

标志词:tomorrow, next day/month/year等表将来的词。

方法:do→be done (be不能换成am/is/are)

结构: will/shall do→will/shall be done过去时:would/should be done)

am/is/are going to do→am/is/are going to be done (过去时:was/were going to be done)

am/is/are about to do→am/is/are about to be done (过去时:was/were about to be done)

am/is/are to do→am/is/are to be done (过去时:was/were to be done)

例子:a new hospital will be built next year.

二) 必修2-unit 3 现在完成时被动态。

用法:动作从过去持续到现在,或已经结束但对现在有影响。

标志词:since, already, yet, for+一段时间, so far, by now.(注意: 句子里出现具体的过去时间。

就不能用完成时!)

方法:done→been done

结构:has/h**e done→has/h**e been done (过去时:had been done)

例子:this problem has been discussed(讨论) for two weeks.

三)unit 4 现在进行时被动态。

用法:现在正在进行的事。

标志词:now

方法:doing→being done

结构:am/is/are doing→am/is/are+being done (过去时:was/were being done)

例子:a new hospital is being built now.

四) 必修1 -unit3 现在进行时表将来。

结构:am/is/are+v-ing (was/were v-ing)

标志词:移动性v(come/go/le**e/arrive,等)+短暂性v (get/start/begin,等)

只有这两种动词可以用v-ing的形式表将来。

例子:i’m le**ing tomorrow. /he is coming back this sunday.

how are getting there?(你怎么去那里?)

第二模块:定语从句。

必修1 unit4 /unit5 + 必修2 unit1/unit5

定语从句结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。

例:the girl who is singing there is my girlfriend. 那边唱歌的那个女孩是我女朋友。

先行词:the girl; 关系词:who; 定语从句:is singing there

一) 关系代词who/whom/which/that/whose (必修1-unit4)

先行词是人时用:who/whom/that

主语→who/that (一般用who)

宾语→whom/that/who (一般用whom)

例子:the girl who is singing there is my girlfriend.

先行词是物时用:which/that

例子:this is the factory which/that we visited last year.

注意1→只能用that不用which的情况:先行词前有下列词出现时只能用that

序数词(the first等) 特指(the only/the very) 先行词同时有人和物

第一个最好的特指人物吗?不一定,有疑问。” 在who/which问句中。

形容词最高级(the best等) 不定代词(something/nothing/anything/all等表不确定数量)

注意2→只能用which不用that:

1) 有介词时,介词+which (介词只能与which/whom连用)

2) 在非限定定语从句(有逗号的定语从句)

3) 先行词为that/those时:what’s that which is floating on the river?

先行词为“某人的”“某物的”用:whose

例子:the girl whose coat is red called mary.

we are using the book whose title is top english as our exercise book.

二) 关系副词 where/when/why (必修1-unit5)

先行词为地点:where (=at/in/on等介词+which)

例:i will never forget the village where i spent my childhood.

先行词为时间:when (=at/in/on/during等介词+which)

例:i still remembered the time when i became a senior school student.

先行词为原因(reason):why (=for which)

例:the reason why he was late is that he missed the first bus.

注意:有时先行词虽然表示地点或时间,但不用where/when而是which/that

例:i’ll never forget the village that we visited last year. →此处先行词the village(村庄)表示地点,因为后面的从句we visited(我们访问…)缺少宾语(访问的对象),所以用that.

例:the reason which/that he made up was hard to accept.→从句he made up(他编造…)缺宾语。

此类题目解题诀窍:看从句有没缺少主语或宾语,有缺→用which/that,不缺→where/why.

三)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 (必修2-unit1)

区别:1)有逗号→非限制性定从(一定不能用that)

无逗号→限制性定从。

2)限制性定从→先行词只能为一个词。

非限制性定从→先行词可为一个词或一个句子(先行词为一个句子时,用which/as, 句首时用as)

特别考点:1)非限制性定从(有逗号的)不用that; 2)只能用that; 3)只能用which; 4)where/when和which/that; 4)选关系代词时,一般要排除有it的选项。

第三模块:直接引语与间接引语。

必修1-unit1 + 必修1-unit2

区别:直接引语指直接引用别人说的话,有引号“”

间接引语指用自己的话转述别人的话,没有引号。

考点:将直接引语改成间接引语。

规则:(一) 人称要变:一随主,二随宾,三不变。

例:he said, “i’m sorry.” he said that he was sorry. (i→he)

he asked me, “dou you like me?” he asked me if i like him. (you→i, me→him)

二) 时态要变:变成“过去时”

例:he said, “i’m sorry.” he said that he was sorry. (i am→he was)

注意:时态不需变化的4种情况:(1)主句谓v为现在时或将来时;(2)所说的内容为客观真理;(3)所说内容有情态v(must,need,should,had better,could等); 4) 有具体的时间点(例:

at 7:30 pm.)

三) 句子结构变化。

1) 陈述句:+that(或省略)

例:he said, “i’m sorry.” he said that he was sorry.

2) 一般疑问句:+if/whether(句子改成陈述语气)

结构:ask sb if/whether+…

例:he asked me, “dou you like me?” he asked me if/whether i liked him.

3) 特殊疑问句(wh-或how开头的问句)

结构:ask…+wh-/how+陈述语气的句子。

例:the boy asked me, “what are you doing?” the boy asked what i was doing.

4) 祈使句:do →to do (suggest例外: suggest doing sth/suggest that…should do)

结构:ask sb (not) to do sth. (ask也可按照句子意识换成:tell/advise/warn/beg等)

例:“please speak english.” the teacher said to us →the teacher asked us to speak english.

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