动词。一、动词的概念：表示动作、状态、行为等的词叫动词。
二、动词的分类：英语中的动词分为连系动词、助动词、情态动词和行为动词（实义动词）四大类。
1. 连系动词：这类动词通常表示特征、情感、变化等的状态，不可单独作谓语， 必须和后面的表语一起构成系表结构，才能充当句子的谓语。
常见的连系动词主要有：be(am, is, are), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), become(变成), get(变得)等。如：
1. my father is a doctor.
2. the kite looks like a cat.
3. the hamburger smells very delicious.
4. it gets warmer and warmer in spring.
2. 助动词： 这类动词本身无意义，在句子中不能单独作谓语，需要和行为动词一起构成各种时态或语态，并帮助行为动词构成否定句或疑问句。
常见的助动词主要有：
一般现在时态中的助动词有：do和does。如：
1) i don’t go to school on saturday and sunday.
2) she/he doesn’t go to school on saturday and sunday.
3) do you go to school on sunday?
4) does she go to school on sunday?
5) what do you do?
6)what does she/he do?
现在进行时态中的助动词有：be(am, is, are)。 如：
1) i am playing ping-pong now.
2) she/he is playing ping-pong now.
3)we are playing ping-pong now.
4) i am not playing ping-pong now.
5) she/he isn’t playing ping-pong now.
6) we aren’t playing ping-pong now.
7) are you playing ping-pong now?
8) is she/he playing ping-pong now.
9) what are you doing now?
10) what is she/he doing?
一般将来时态中的助动词有：be going to结构中的be(am, is are), will和shall。如：
1) i am going to swim tomorrow.
2) she/he is going to swim tomorrow.
3) we are going to swim tomorrow.
4) i am not going to swim tomorrow.
5) she/he isn’t going to swim tomorrow.
6) we aren’t going to swim tomorrow.
7) are you going to swim tomorrow?
8) is she/he going to swim tomorrow?
9) what are you going to do tomorrow?
10) what is she/he going to do tomorrow?
11) i will swim tomorrow.
12) i will not swim tomorrow.
13) shall we swim tomorrow?
14) what will you do tomorrow?
一般过去时态中的助动词有：did. 如：
1) i didn’t go to school yesterday.
2) did you go to school yesterday?
3) what did you do yeaterday?
3. 情态动词：这类动词表示说话人的语气和情态， 虽然他们有一定的词义，但是在句子中也不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语，变成否定句在他们后面加not, 变成疑问句把他们提到主语的前面。
常见的情态动词有：can/could(能、会); may(可以); must(必须); will/would(愿意); shall/should(应该). 如：
1) i can play soccer.
2) may i help you?
3)you must do you homework now.
4)would you like to play with us?
5) we should not be late for school.
4. 行为动词（实义动词）：这类动词表示动作或状态，具有实际的意义，能在句子中独立充当句子的谓语，也叫实义动词。
如：say, sing, swim, help, want等。
三、动词的形式。
不规则的行为动词的过去式：（同学们要逐个记牢！）
1.完全不规则：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, go-went, see-saw, say-said, h**e-had, fly-flew, speak-spoke, buy-bought, bring-brought, think-thought, teach-taught, eat-ate, lie-lay, can-could, will-would, take-took.
2.改变其中的元、辅音字母：give-g**e, get-got, forget-forgot, come-came, run-ran, sing-sang, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, ride-rode, swim-swam，shine-shone, grow-grew, find-found, win-won, lose-lost, make-made, know-knew.
3.原形和过去式同形：read-read, put-put, hit-hit, hurt-hurt, cost-cost
四．动词时态概况。
五、十六种时态的谓语形势。
动词专项练习题。
一、写出下列动词的相应形式：
a.写出下列行为动词的单数第三人称形式(单三式):
lookcooklistencomepass
brush- washwatchteachcatch-
godocryflyh**e
b.写出下列行为动词的现在分词形式：
lookreadlistenplaylaugh
singskijumpeatcry
flyh**edancemaketake
comele**earriveskaterun-
sitputgethitswim
beginshopskiplie
c.写出下列行为动词的过去式：
lookmissplayaskanswer-
arrivelivecrystudystop
am\isaredogoh**e-
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