牛津英语7a unit6单元讲解和课后练习。
1. it's+形容词 for sb. to do sth.
it's easy for you to carry this box. it's important to be healthy.
2. borrow sth from sb. lend sth to sb
3. 不同的“花费”take, cost, pay, spend
it takes sb +时间 to do sth. it takes half an hour to cook.
it costs sb+金钱 to do sth. it cost me 100 yuan to buy the clothes.
sb spends +金钱/时间 on sth/ in doing sth. i spent one hour reading english.
sb pays +金钱 for …/to do sth. i paid 10 yuan for the book.
4. would like sb to do sth =want sb to do sth. need sb to do sth.
5. say, speak, talk, tell的区别:say指说话的内容;speak指说语言;talk指谈论;tell是“告诉”
say it in english用英语说;speak english说英语。
tell sb about sth tell sb not to do sth. say to sb. speak to sb.
ask sb for sth ask sb to do sth. talk sth to/ with sb.
6. help sb with sth./ help sb do sth./ help sb to do sth.
7. 需要双写的现在分词:lie-lying run-running shop-shopping swim-swimming come-coming chat-chatting get-getting sit-sitting stop-stopping plan-planning
单元重点】一、重点词汇。
1. be made of/be made from/be made in
1. my shoes are made of leather. (be made of 能看出原材料) 看不出原材料用 be made from
1) 这张桌子是由玻璃和木头制成的。 this tableglass and wood.
2) 书本是由木头制成的。 bookswood.
3) 这款轿车是南京制造的。this kind of carnanjing.
4) 这块蛋糕是我妈妈做的。this cakemy mother.
5) 巧克力被制成了一辆玩具车。the chocolatea toy car.
2. look for/ find/find out
1) 米莉今天看起来如何? 很开心millie look? she
2) 这个钟看起来像一只猫。 this clocka cat.
3) 他不得不照顾他的妈妈。 he has tohis mother.
4) 请看黑板, 你看到什么了? pleasethe blackboard. what can you see?
5) 你在干嘛? 我正在找我的钢笔。 what are you doing? i’mmy pen.
二、语法点拨。
情态动词。1. 情态动词的基本用法
情态动词本身有一定的意义,但它必须和动词一起构成谓语。情态动词can, could, may, must, h**e to, will, shall, should, would, need等没有人称和数的变化(h**e to除外),后接动词原形。
① can / could 表示“能力”、“客观可能性”、“请求”和“允许”;用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中,还可表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度;在一般疑问句第一人称中,表示“征询对方许可”(用could比用can语气更加委婉,但答语必须用can);在一般疑问句第二人称中,can和could往往用来表示说话人的请求或征询意见。 如:--could you help me carry the bag?
-yes, i can.
② may用于句型“may i ..时,表示征询对方许可。-may i watch tv now? -no, you can’t.
must意为“必须、应当”,表示“义务、命令”;肯定用must,否定用needn’t或don’t h**e to,(mustn’t,则表示“禁止”)。must i finish the work today? -no, you needn’t (don’t h**e to).
need用于否定句或疑问句-need i finish the work today? –yes, you must. /no, you needn’t
⑤ shall 表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方提议;还可表示命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
⑥ should 意为“应该”,表示义务、责任,可用于各种人称。 如:you should be polite to the old.
⑦ will用于疑问句,向对方提出请求或建议will you please not drop your shoes next time?
h**e to“不得不”,着重客观需要,可用于多种时态;而must强调主**法,没有时态变化。
2. 情态动词must, may, might, can, could等表示“推测”
must, may, might, can, could的推测程度由强到弱的顺序是:must, can, could, may, might
① must表示有把握的推测,意为“一定是;肯定是”,只用于肯定句中,表示对现在的推测,若表达相应的否定意义,则用can’t或couldn’t
② can表示惊异、怀疑或不相信的推测,多用于否定句或疑问句中,常用来表示对现在或将来事实的推测。如:he can’t be at home now. 他现在不可能在家。
③ may表示把握性不大的推测,意为“可能;也许”,常用于肯定句中。如:
don’t play with the fire. you may burn yourself. 不要玩火, 你可能会烧伤自己。
④ could和might表示推测时,语气比较委婉。如:he may / might / could be very thirsty.
一般过去时
一般过去时中通常用以下的时间状语:
yesterday; last night; a month ago; yesterday afternoon; last week; ten years ago
一般过去时的构成:规则动词后加‘- ed’
1) 大部分动词后加 ‘-ed’ walk → walked 2) 以‘e’结尾的动词后加‘-d’ live → lived
3) 以辅音字母加‘-y’ 结尾的动词,把‘y’ 变成‘i’ 加‘-ed’ try → tried
4) 以辅音字母结尾,重读闭音节的动词,双写最后一个辅音字母加‘-ed’ stop → stopped
1) 去年你在学校篮球队吗? 不,我堂弟在。__you at school basketball team last year?
no, imy cousin __in.
2) 你是什么时候遇见他的?上周you __him? i __him last week.
3) 昨天谁生病了? 吉姆ill yesterday? jim
4) 昨天米莉没有做数学家庭作业。 millieher maths homework.
重点句型】1. i don’t know what to wear today, hobo. 霍波,我不知道今天穿什么。
句中的to加动词原形被称为“动词不定式”,可以和疑问词what, when, how, when, where等连用,构成动词不定式短语。如:
i don’t know how to get to the post office. where to go is a big problem.
can you tell me when to watch the film? 你能告诉我什么时候看这部电影吗?
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