虚拟语气如果所表示的条件根本不可能实现或实现的可能性很小时，称为虚拟条件句。
考试重点：虚拟语气的基本形式和用法；if的省略形式；含蓄条件句；以wish（that）引导的表示“愿望”的宾语从句；would rather 引导的从句；以as if, as though 引导的从句；以suggest, advise, insist 等词后引导的宾语从句；it is necessary（important）that引导的主语从句；it is time （that）…句型中。
一、虚拟语气的基本形式和用法：
虚拟（条件）语气中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面三类：
1、i would ask george to lend us the money if i __him.
a. had known b. h**e known c. knew d. know
（答案：c。与现在的事实相反，从句用过去时）（2023年38题）
2、do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people __the same language?
a. spoke b. speak c. had spoken d. will speak
（答案：a。与现在的事实相反，从句的谓语动词用过去时。）
3、if bob___with us, he would h**e had a good time.
a. would come b. would h**e come c. had come d. came
（答案为c。与过去的事实相反，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。）（2023年59题）
二、if的省略形式。
在虚拟条件句中， 如谓语包含were , had, should等词， 则可以把这些词放到主语前面，省略if。
1、__you were busy, i wouldn't h**e bothered you with my questions.
a. if i realized b. had i realized c. did i h**e realized that d. as i realized
答案：b。虚拟条件句有时可以省略if，而将谓语中的过去式were，had，或should等移至主语之前。2023年39题）
2、__i should ask them some questions.
a. should they come to us b. if they come to us c.
were they come to us d. had they come to us
（答案：a。与将来事实相反。）（2023年30题）
三、含蓄条件句。
有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示，而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。常用with，without，but for。
1、without your help, we __so much.
a. didn’t achieve b. would not h**e achieved c. will not achieve d. don’t achieve
答案：b。这是一句含蓄条件句，条件暗含在介词短语without your help中，因此要用虚拟语气。）（2023年33题）
2、but for the rain, we __a nice holiday.
a. should h**e b. would h**e had c. would h**e d. will h**e had （答案：b。2023年28题）
四、以wish（that）引导的表示“愿望”的宾语从句。
wish后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，而在虚拟语气中时态的应用类似在非真实条件中从句时态的应用。表示现在或将来的愿望用：主语＋wish ＋从句（主语＋过去时）；表示一个过去没有实现的愿望用：
主语＋wish +从句（主语＋过去完成时）；
1、peter wishes that he __law instead of literature when he was in college.
a. could study b. studied c. had studied d. would study （答案：c）（2023年53题）
2、i didn’t go to the party, but i do wish i __there.
a. were b. would be c. had been d. will be （答案：c）（2023年53题）
五、would rather＋句子（过去时）
1、i’d __you didn’t touch that, if you don’t mind.
a. rather b. better c. happier d. further （答为案：a）（2023年45题）
2、i am too busy these days. i would rather all of you __next month for a dinner.
a. come b. would come c. came d. h**e come （答案为c）（2023年46题）
六、以as if，as though引导的从句。
在as if，as though引导的从句中，如果谈论的是不可能或不真实的情况时，它们所引用的状语从句要用虚拟语气，动词形式和wish 后面的从中动词形式变化相同。
1、he talks as if he __everything in the world.
a. knows b. knew c. had known d. would h**e known
答案：b。as if（though）从句中非真实性情况用虚拟语气。本句表示说话人对现在的情况有所怀疑，所以用过去时。）
2、you are talking as if you had seen them
你谈的那么起劲，好像你真的见过似的。（表示想象中的过去的动作）
七、以suggest，advise，insist等词后引导的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形，should可以省略。
类似的动词有：propose，insist，suggest，order，demand，require，request等。
1、the doctor advised that mr. malan __an operation right away so as to s**e his life.
a. had b. would h**e c. h**e d. was going to h**e （答案：c）（2023年28题）
2、his mother insisted that he __the coat when going out.
a. put on b. puts on c. to put d. putting on （答案：a）（2023年58题）
八、it is necessary/important/urgent that引导的主语从句中，从句的谓语动词要用should+原形动词，should可以省略。
1、it’s desired that she __to teach us at least twice a week.
a. comes b. will come c. come d. may come （答案：c）（2023年29题）
2、it’s urgent that a meeting __before the final decision is made.
a. will be arranged b. must be arranged c.
be arranged d. would be arranged（答案：c）（2023年45题）
九、it is time (that)…引导的定语从句中，谓语动词用过去时。
1、it’s high time we __something to stop traffic accident.
a. do b. will do c. did d. must do （答案：c）（2023年43题）
2、don’t you think it is time you __smoking?
a. give up b. g**e up c. would give up d. should give up （答案：b）
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