（一）时态。
我们需要特别注意以下几种情况和句型结构：
1.一般现在时可以代替将来时，用于时间和条件状语从句中。例如：
1)return the book immediately to the library as soon as you __it.
a. finish
b. are finished
c. h**e finished
d. are finishing
答案a。2)please be sure to telephone me the next time you __
a. will come
b. would come
c. shall come
d. come
答案d。2.在“this is the first time…”结构中，后面的从句用现在完成时。
句子开头也可以用it代替this
例：this is the first time that i h**e met jane.
3.在“it/this is +形容词最高级+名词后面的从句中，用现在完成时。”
例：this is one of the best books __on the subject.
a. that h**e ever been written
b. which h**e ever been written
c. that has ever been written
d. whatever h**e been written
答案为a。
4.在“it is/has been＋时间段＋since…后边用过去时。”
例：it has been twenty years since i left my hometown.
5.在“no sooner…than”和“hardly… when…”结构中，主句部分用过去完成时，从句部分用过去时。例如：
1)i had no sooner returned than he called.
2)we had hardly begun when we were told to stop.
6.在“it is (high) time后边的从句中用过去时。”
例：it is time that we had a rest.
7. 时态与时间状语 ：
二）语态。1. 语态是表示主语与谓语之间关系的一种形式。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
考查时态与语态的题通常结合在一起，尤其是被动语态，除了注意它的一般时态之外，还要注意它进行时态及完成时态的变化。如：
he told me that a highway was being built here.
他告诉我这里正在建造一条高速公路。
2. 另外还需注意有些动词，其形式虽是主动，但具有被动的含义。
1）当感官动词作系动词时，例如：
good medicine tastes bitter.
良药苦口。this material feels very soft.
这种衣料摸起来非常柔软。
2）还有一些及物动词作不及物动词时，也可以表示被动含义，如：
this pen doesn’t write well.
这支笔不好使。
此类动词不多，常见的有cut, lock, open, peel, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write 等。
练习：1. last night, on his way home, he wason the head by something hard.
a. striked b. stroke c. struck d. striken
2. “did you say that our neighborin the accident?”
a. badly hurt b. was badly hurted c. was badly hurt d. had badly hurted
3. while imy spectacles, ia pen.
a. was looking for … foundb. was looking for … looked for
c. was finding … foundd. was finding … looked for
4. if she doesn’t tell him the truth now, he’ll simply keep on asking her until she
a. does b. has done c. will do d. would do
5. while people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that televisionthe news***** completely.
a. replaced b. h**e replaced c. replace d. will replace
6. she ought to stop work. she has a headache because shetoo long.
a. has been reading b. had read c. is reading d. read
7. by the end of this month, we surelya satisfactory solution to the problem.
a. will h**e found b. h**e found c. will be finding d. are finding
8. weour breakfast when an old man came to the door.
a. just h**e had b. had just had c. just had d. h**e just had
9. our schoolfor the summer at the end of june.
a. to be closed b. closing c. closes d. to close
10. send for a doctor quickly. the old man
a. will dieb. is dying c. diesd. died
练习答案：1-10 ccaad aabcb
三）情态动词。
1．情态动词无人称变化，在句子中和动词原形一起组成谓语。只有ought后面接to do。
情态动词后接完成时的用法：情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、必须、劝告、意愿等概念或态度。
2．must＋现在完成时结构：这一结构表示对过去一个动作比较有把握的猜测。
例：i believe he __an accident, otherwise he would h**e arrived on time.
a. would h**e had
b. could h**e had
c. should h**e had
d. must h**e had
答案为d。3．should (ought to )h**e done用来表示本来应该做却没有做的事情。
例：i’m sorry i couldn’t get in touch with him before he left, i __him earlier.
a. had a telephone
b. h**e phoned
c. should h**e phoned
d. should be phoned
答案是c。中文意思是“我很抱歉我没能在他走之前和他联系上，我本应早点儿给他打**的。”
4．could＋现在完成时，表示本来能做的事情而没有做。
例：mary __that coat, but she chose to lend the money to a needy neighbour.
a. could h**e bought
b. must h**e bought
c. can buy
d. could buy
答案为a。玛丽本来可以买那件大衣的，但是她把钱借给一个更急需的邻居了。
四）虚拟语气。
学位英语语法
communication with 与某人交流 demand sb do sth 要求某人干某事 never too make contacts with sb和某人来往 the difficulty in doing sth ailable to 适用于。be worth doing sth值得...
学位英语语法练习一
非谓语动词。非谓语动词分三种，即 不定式，动名词和分词。下面分三部分进行介绍。一 动词不定式。考试重点 动词不定式的基本结构和用法 尤其是复合结构，否定式，被动式，完成式等。stop和go on接不定式和动名词的区别 remember，forget接不定式和动名词的区别 h e sth done 和...
学位英语语法高频考点小结
22 绿色植物的一些细胞能进行光合作用，制造养料，它们好像是一个个微小的工厂。19 阳光 空气 水 土壤 岩石 植物 动物 构成了我们周围的环境。我们人类也是环境中的一部分，我们都生活在一不定的环境之中。人与自然和谐相处，共同发展，是我们共同的责任。学位英语语法高频考点小结 2 9 在17世纪，人们...