英语主要时态

发布 2021-05-07 14:38:28 阅读 6636

when, after, as soon as 引导的时间状语从句,表示主句动作开始的时间。

三、现在完成时主要用于:

1 、表示到现在为止这一时期中发生的动作或情况,即多次动作的总和。

we h**e learnt four english songs this month.

how many times h**e you read the novel?

for many days we h**en't seen each other.

2 、表示对现在有影响的某一已发生的动作。

the delegation has left 代表团已经走了(说明现在不在这里)

look, what you h**e done. 看你干的事。

与这一时态连用的时间状语有:

already, yet, just, ever, never, by now, so far, recently, by the end of this month, since, for 短语,连词 since 引导的时间状语从句。

一般过去时与现在完成时的区别:

一般过去时:重在说明动作在过去发生时的具体情况(时间、地点、方式、对象、细节等)。

现在完成时:只提起已发生的动作(事实)及其影响,不说明动作发生时的具体情况。

cf. h**e you had your lunch?

what did you h**e for lunch?

i h**e ever been to the great wall, and i went there last summer with my father.

注:现在完成时表达的动作常具有反复性,故下面一句是错的:

h**e you seen the six thirty's news program?

应改为: did you see the six thirty's news program?

四、现在完成进行时主要用于:表示过去开始的某一动作一直持续到现在,以至延伸到将来,它强调动作延续时。

间之长久。

i've been writing an article. 我一直在写一篇文章。(还在写)

cf. i've written an article. 我写了一篇文章。(已写完)

it has been raining these days. 这些天一直在下雨。

五、过去完成时

1 、过去完成时是一个相对时态,表示过去的过去,只有在两个过去发生的动作相比较时才可显示出来。

as soon as we got to the station, the train had left.

注:主从句表达的动作紧接时,即两动作发生的时间没有明显时间上的悬殊或空档时,主从句都可用一般过去时。

where did your brother study before he joined the army?

2 、过去完成时可表示截止过去某一时间动作的总或动作的结束。

by the end of last month. we had reviewed four books

by eight o'clock, he had finished his homework.

与这个时态连用的时间状语常有:

by 1985, by eight o'clock, by then, by the end of last month, by the time when, when, as soon as, before 等连词引导的时间状语从句,表示主句动作结束的时间。

六)现在进行时主要用于:

1 、表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。

listen, someone is crying.

what are you doing these days?

2 、代替一般现在时,表示经常性动作或状态,而含有某种感**彩。

how are you feeling today?

你今天感觉怎样?(显得亲切)

he is doing well in his lessons.

他的功课很好。(赞扬)

you are always boasting.

你老爱吹牛。(厌烦)

3 、动词 go, come, le**e, arrive 等表将要发生的动作时。

they are le**ing for shanghai.

与这种时态连用的时间状语常有:

now, these days, recently, this week 等。

七、过去进行时主要用于:

表示过去某个时刻或阶段正在进行的动作。

at that time she was working in a pla unit.

那时她在解放军某部工作。

what were you doing this time yesterday?

与这个时态连用的时间状语常用:

at nine o'clock, this time last night, these days, at that time 等。

用 when 引导的时间状语从句表示主句的动作正在进行的时间。

when he came in, i was reading a news*****.

注: 1 、 while 引导时间状语从句叙述过去的动作时,从句常用过去进行时。

i read a magazine while i was waiting for the bus.

2 、 when 用作并列连词,意为“这时”,连接两分句时,第一句多用过去进行时。

i was reading a news***** when he came in.

一般过去时与过去进行时的区别:

一般过去时:强调过去某一时间开始或完成的动作。

过去进行时:强调过去某一时间正在进行的动作。

试区别下面两句:

we were building a reservoir last winter.

去年冬天我们在修建一座水库。(可能尚未建成)

we built a reservoir last winter.

去年冬天我们修建了一座水库。(已经建成)

八、一般将来时主要用于:

表示将要发生的动作或情况

tom will h**e a bike of his own.

与这个时态连用的时间状语常用:

tonight, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, in three hours, two days later 等。

一般将来时态与其它结构表将来情况的区别:

一般将来时态 :主要从时间的角度表将要发生的动作或情况。

be going to 结构 :①表(主观上)打算或准备做某事时。 ②表有发生某事的预兆时。

they are going to h**e a competition with us in studies.

it is going to rain.

据以上区别,故下面一句是错的:

i am going to be eighteen years old next year.

应改为: i shall be eighteen years old next year.

be about to do sth 结构 :意为“刚要做某事”、“马上要做某事”强调时间之紧迫性。

we are about to discuss this problem.

我们将马上讨论这个问题。

be to do sth 结构: 表示按计划、安排、规定将实施某事或表示注定会发生某事。

when is the train to le**e.

all these things are to be answered for.

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