大学英语复杂结构的强调句式

强调构造中的it is (was)…that (who)…为使一个非强调句变成强调句的构造词，在通常情况下，去掉它，句子依然是成立的——这是判断一个句子是否为强调构造的重要标志。如下面这个句子是强调句，因为去掉it was…that…后句子依然成立，且意思一致：

it was my mother who finally called the police.最终报警的是我母亲。

my mother finally called the police. 最终报警的是我母亲。

请看下面一句，空白处是填that还是其他的什么词？

it was ten o'clock he returned home.

此处不能填that，因为假设填that把它视为强调句，那么就可以去掉it was…that…而使句子构造完整，意思不变，事实上并非如此，因为我们是不能说ten o'clock he returned home的，除非改为at ten o'clock he returned home才是正确的。

比拟下面两句(第1句不是强调句，但第2句是强调句)：

it was ten o'clock when he returned home.他回家的时候已是10点钟了。

it was at ten o'clock that he returned home.他是10点钟回家的。

一般说来，强调构造it be…that…中的be的时态应与句子时态一致，即同时用现在时，或同时用过去时，有时也可能用将来时。如：

it is not i who am angry.发怒的不是我。(同时用现在时)

it was my two sisters who knew her best.是我的两个姐妹最了解她。(同时用过去时)

it will not be you who will h**e to take the blame forthis.对此须受责难的将不是你。(同时用将来时)

但有时也可以不一致，这主要见于强调构造用itis…that…(即用的是现在时)，而句子用的是过去时。如：

it is miss williams who enjoyed reading novels as apastime.是威廉姆斯小姐以读**来消遣。

句子构造比拟复杂时，尤其是当被强调成分比拟复杂时，有的同学们就不能识别句子所用的强调构造，从而不能正确作出选择。如：

it was lack of money, not of effort, that defeatedtheir plan.他们的方案受挫，原因是缺少钱而不是没有尽力。

it was more in sorrow than in anger that he criticizedhis former colleague.他批评以前的同事，并非出于气愤而是为他惋惜。

it is the protection for the trees that really matters,rather than how many trees are planted.真正重要的在于对树木的保护，而不在于种了多少树。

as far as he's concerned, it's not doing somethingwrong that matters, but not being caught doing somethingwrong,就他而论，重要的不是做错事，而是做错事不被抓住。

1) it is not who is right but what is right is ofimportance.

a. which b. it c. that d. this

答案为c。此题考查it is…that…这一强调句式，被强调的是not who is right but what is right，全句意为：重要的不是谁是对的，而是什么才是对的。

有时考查not…but…的同义构造…rather than…与强调构造的综合运用。如：

2) it is what you do rather than what you say matters

a. that b. what c. which d. this

答案为a。被强调成分为what you do rather than what yousay，全句意为：重要的是看你怎么做，而不是看你怎么说。