[,1.原级:表示a与b在某方面相同。as…as…,not as/so… as ..
注意:not as / so… as = less… than 不及;不如。 less+原形,否定的比较级。
eg. this book isn’t as interesting as that one
this book isthat one.
that book isthis one.
2.比较级:两者进行比较(常与than连用)
which isuseful, this one or that one? 哪本书更有趣,这本还是那本?
3.最高级:三者(或三者以上)进行比较(常与表范围的in , of短语连用)
1)shanghai is thebig) city in china.
2)he runsfast) in our class.
3)he is thetall) of the three boys.
4.形、副比较等级的其他用法。
1) “比较级and 比较级” 表示 “越来越……”
lazier and lazier 越来越懒。
注意:多音节词用此结构时应为 more and more + 形、副). more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮。
2) “the比较级,the比较级” “越……,越……”
you areyou will get.你越懒,收获越少。
注意: the 后是用形容词还是副词。
你越细心。the moreyou are. =the moreyou do.
3) “the比较级of +二者” “二者中较……的一个”lucy is theyoung) of the twins.
4)表示二者相差多少用 “具体数量 + 比较级”
他比我高一个头。he’s athan me.
my brother isthan me.(大两岁)
5)表示“是……几倍”时用“twice; three times等 + as…as”
this bookasas that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。
he hasasbooks as i h**e 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。
6)区别older / elder与farther / further
older(年龄较老的) elder(指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的)eg. my __brother is __than me.
farther (指距离“较远的”)further(指抽象事物的“更进一步的”)
1)he went abroad forstudies.
2)beijing isfrom our hometown than chongqing.
1.比较级前用a little ……一点儿; much / a lot ; even / still,表示“;…得多 ; 更….
1) a little bigger 大一点儿 2)much more 多得多3)even he**ier更重。
但注意:不能在比较级前加so; too; very; quite等。这些词用在原形前。
2.比较级必须是同类事物相比(即as; than后的词应与主语是the同类事物),注意常用漏的代词有:that; those; one; ones。
my hair is longer thanshe)
the silk or woolen scarves feel softer thanmade of cotton.
3.个体与整体相比,不能包括个体,常用“any other + 单数名词”来进行比较。
1)betty(是个体) is cleverer than any student in her class(是整体。
正:betty is cleverer thanstudent in her class.
betty is cleverer thanstudents in her class.
betty is cleverer thanin her class.
is clever than betty.
betty is thein her class.
2)china is bigger thanin africa.中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。
3) china is bigger thanin asia. 中国比亚洲任何一个其他国家大。
4.使用最高级时应把主语包括在范围内。
mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( all her sisters已排除了mary)
改:mary is the tallest of all the sisters.
5.表示“第。
二、第三……”时,可在最高级前加“second , third, …但“第一”可以省略用first)yellow river is theriver in china,,
一、句子成分。
一)句子成分的定义:有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和___
二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)
it is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)
三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下:
1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:he practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:
you may keep the book for two weeks.(2)由系动词加表语构成。如:
we are students.
四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。his job is to teach english.
(不定式)
五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
he pretended not to see me.(不定式短语)
宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:lend me your dictionary, please.
2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:they made him their monitor.
六)宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:
某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。例如:his father named him dongming.
(名词)
七)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示:
our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语)
八)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。
状语种类如下:
1 how about meeting again at six?(_状语)
2 last night she didn't go to the dance party because of the rain状语)
3 i shall go there if it doesn't rain状语)
4 mr smith lives on the third floor状语)
5 she put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方___状语)
6 she came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴___状语)
7 in order to catch up with the others, i must work harder状语)
8 he was so tired that he fell asleep immediately状语)
9 she works very hard though she is old状语)
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