there be句型结构精析。
一. there be句型中的主谓一致。
1、当be动词后面所接的是单数可数名词或不可数名词时,用there is,当后面接的名词是可数名词复数时,用there are。例如:
there is a bed in this room.
there is some bread on the plate.
there are many eggs in the kitchen.
2、如果there be后面是两个或两个以上名词作主语时,be动词应采用“就近原则”,即be应与邻近的主语在数上保持一致。例如:
there is an orange and some apples in the basket.
there are some apples and an orange in the basket.
二。 there be句型中的时态。
1、there be有一般现在时(there is/are)、一般过去时(there was/were)、一般将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)和现在完成时(there h**e/has been),所有这些时态的变化都是通过be 动词来完成和体现的。例如:
there are two girls in the room.
there was a bike under the tree just now.
there will be a meeting tomorrow morning.
there are going to be two football matches this afternoon.
there h**e been great changes in my hometown.
2、there be结构还可以和各种助动词、情态动词连用,表示推测。例如:
there will be some children on the playground.
there must be some flowers on the desk.
三、there be结构的句型转换。
1、there be句型的否定句有两种构成方式,一种是在be 后面加否定副词not。例如:
there isn’t any food here.
there aren’t any photos on the wall.
there won’t be an english test this afternoon.
另一种是在主语前加否定副词no,例如:
there are no lights in the room.
there is no food here,we’ll h**e to buy some.
2、there be句型的一般疑问句是直接将be动词的相应形式移到句首,回答时用yes或no,后面接简单答语。例如:
—are there any flowers on both sides of the street ?
—yes , there are / no , there aren`t .
—will there be a sports meeting next week?
—yes , there will . no , there won`t.
3、there be句型的特殊疑问句主要有how many和how much作引导词两种情况。例如:
how many people are there in your family?
how much money is there in your pocket ?
4、there be句型的反义疑问句为be (not) there .例如:
there is a little milk in the bottle , isn`t there?
there weren`t many visiters in the room yesterday , were there ?
there will be a volleyball match in our school , won`t there?
注意:there be结构中的谓语动词有时不用be,而用其他动词,如live ,stand,lie,seem, rise, come ,go 等。例如:
long ,long ago, there lived a king.
there stands a school on the hill.
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