从句是相对于主句而言的,即它是从属于某一个主句,而不能单独作一个句子。在英语中主要有三大从句,即:
1.名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)
2.定语从句。
3.状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
1)主语从句用作主语,如:
that the earth is round is true.地球是圆的是真实的。
2)宾语从句用作宾语。如:
do you know where he lives?3)表语从句用作表语,如:
my opinion is that you should not go alone.我的意见是你不应单独前往。
4)同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词。如:
thefactthattheearthisroundistrue.地球是圆的的事实是真实的。(that从句用于解释说明the fact)
5)定语从句相当于一个形容词,用于修饰前面的名词。如:
the student who answered the question was john.回答问题的学生是john.6)状语从句相当于一个副词,如:
when it rains, i usually go to school by bus.天下雨时,我通常坐公共汽车上学。(时间状语)
if he comes tomorrow, you will see him.如果他明天来,你就可以看见他。(if引导的条件状语从句,其结构为:
if +状语从句,+主句)。要注意在状语从句中有一个规则是“主将从现”,即主句是将来时,则从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
he returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged.他回家后得知女儿刚刚订婚了。(结果状语,结果状语只是仅限于learn(得知),find(发现),see,hear,to be told(被告知),make(使得)等具有界限含义的动词。
)you must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.你必须大声说话,才能让所有人听到你说话。(目的状语,可以由that, so that,in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导。
)since /as the weather is so bad, we h**e to delay our journey.天气那么糟,旅行推迟了。
原因状语从句,常用。
because, since, as, for fear (恐怕),seeing that (既然),now that (=since), considering that (考虑到)等引导。)
though/though he was worn out, (still) he kept on working.虽然他已经精疲力竭了,但仍然继续工作。(让步状语从句,引导的连词主要有以下这些:
though, although, as; even if, even though; whether...or...no matter+疑问词,疑问词-ever.
)where i live there are plenty of trees.我住的地方树很多。(地点状语从句,通常由where, wherever引导。)
as water is to fish, so air is to man.我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。(方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。
)主句和从句的划分方法是相同的。句子的成分从谓语动词处来划分比较容易。谓语动词前面的部分是主语,后面常接宾语,修饰谓语动词的是状语,修饰主语、宾语的是定语,若谓语是系动词,则系动词后的部分是表语。
如:i am a teacher.其中,i是主语,am是谓语,a teacher是表语。
helikesplayingfootballverymuch.其中,he是主语,likes是谓语,playing football是宾语,very much是状语。
初中英语三大从句总结
一。宾语从句object clause 一。定义definition 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。二。连接词connections that i think that you can pass the exam.whether if i don t know what the word m...
初中英语三大从句 总结
一。宾语从句object clause 一。定义definition 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。二。连接词connections that i think that you can pass the exam.whether if i don t know what the word m...
初中英语三大从句 总结
一。宾语从句object clause 一。定义definition 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。二。连接词connections that i think that you can pass the exam.whether if i don t know what the word m...