通过对历年试卷的听力部分所作的题项分析,充分表明考生听力的高低完全取决于他们是否具备了以下4个方面的基础:
1、坚实的语言基础。
2、 一定的文化背景知识。
3、 基本的听力技能。
4、 正确有效的听音习惯
听力内容:1. 短对话 (short conversation)
2. 长对话 (long conversation)
3. 短文passages)
4. 复合式听写(compound dictation)
注意事项:1. 保持良好的心态,头脑要冷静,一个题听不懂不要过多纠缠。
2. 阅读选项要一目十行,提高效率:听力不像阅读,它是单向性的、一次性的。时间有限,提高阅读选项的速度。
3.手耳并用,简单做笔记:录音中的细节,如重要的数字、人物、地名等,仅大脑记忆很难完全记住。因此,考试中可以有目地的、有选择的加以记录,以便听完录音后能快速准确的选出答案。
4.多做真题。十多年来的每年两度的四级考试,光是真题就积累了几十套了。这些真题的命题还是很有规律可循的。要找四级的感觉,就得多做真题。
一.简短对话部分 (short conversation)
该部分一般是日常生活中的对话,即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、生活等话题,场景可分为校园、公共场所(银行、机场、医院、邮局、交通工具等)、家庭、办公室等方面。每题1分。
1、问对话发生的地点和场所:
where does the conversation most probably take place?
where does this conversation most likely occur?
where are the two speakers?
校园:campus, dorm, library (renew the books, overdue, pay a fine, bookshelf), lab, canteen, roommate, professor, semester, term, pass, fail, exam, course, credit, resume,tutor, graduate, presentation, speech, report, lecture, *****, scholarship等。
银行:open an account, cash the check, buy tr**eler's check, atm, draw/deposit money, balance, s**ings等。
餐馆:menu, a table for two, a table in the corner/by the window, full, on diet, treat, order, course, salad, wine, dessert,waiter, reserve, take order等。
机场:board, flight, gate number, check in, boarding pass, seat-belt等。
交通:due to arrive, fast train, non-stop train, xx minutes late, postpone, delay, break down, traffic jam, flat tire, speeding, pay a fine等。
医院:do you h**e an appointment?
what's the matter with you?
take one's temperature, h**e a fever, h**e a sore throat, keep coughing, toothache, headache, physician, surgeon, doctor, nurse, operation-room, emergency room, ward, visiting hours, prescribe, pill, capsule等。
邮局:business hours, parcel, postage, letter, stamp等。
家庭:darling, sweet heart之类的比较亲近的称谓语,watch tv, fix the washing machine, grocery, mow the lawn, sofa, kitchen, dining-room, h**e a bath等。
旅馆:check in/out, make a reservation, register, reception desk等。
2、提问人物关系或人物的身份:
1) 问人物的关系:
what's the probable relationship between the two speakers? 如:
m: good evening, madam. there is a table for two over there. this way, please.
w: thank you. could i see the menu, please?
q: what's the relationship between the man and woman?
2) 问人物的职业身份:who is the man/the woman? 如:
m: according to your ad in this morning's *****, you h**e an apartment for rent.
w: yes, i h**e. it's on the second floor.
would you like to h**e a look? come this way, please.
q: who is the woman?
3、计算类。一般涉及时间和价钱的运算。
1)问活动发生的时间或具体几点。该类的题一般不会直接告诉我们时间,会涉及到时间的一些简单的加减运算。要注意一些关键词,如:
a quarter (to/past), half (past), daily, weekly, fortnight等。
w: bob, are you going straight home after school today?
m: no. i h**e a class until one o'clock, and after that i'm going to spend a couple of hours at the library before going home.
q: when is bob going home this afternoon?
2) 商品的**。该类的题也涉及到一些简单的加减乘除运算。要注意一些关键词,如:
10% off, discount, double, half the price, couple, pair, dozen, a real bargain, on sale,change等。
尤其要注意单件商品的**,买多件商品是否优惠,找零,以及最后的问题是说话人要付的钱、单件商品的**、还是买若干商品需要付的钱。如:
w: here's a ten-dollar bill. give me two tickets for tonight's show, please.
m: sure. two tickets and here's a dollar forty cents change.
q: how much does one ticket cost?
4、人物的计划或打算。
这类问题中第一个说话人往往会提出一种观点或提议或建议,要仔细听第二个说话人是同意还是反对。
1) 第二个说话人同意第一个人的观点或提议或建议。 如:
w:you need a rest. you've finished your exams.
so why don't you go away somewhere for a long weekend?
m: that's a good idea. perhaps monica will come with me.
q: what will the man probably do?
2)第二个说话人不同意第一个人的观点或提议或建议,大多数情况下是礼貌委婉地表达自己的不同意见,所以要特别注意:如:
m: mary, would you like to go to the movies with me after dinner?
w: well, i'll go if you really want me to, but i'm rather tired.
q:what can we learn from the conversation?
5、人物的感觉状态。
除了根据说话人的语气判断之外,对话**现的关键词可能有:excited, disappointed, overjoyed, relieved, upset, unhappy, blue, depressed, relaxed, anxious, tense, worried,angry等。
w: weren't you nervous when the professor called on you in class?
m: i'd say i was shaking all over.
q: how did the man feel when he was called on?
6、交通或交通工具。
该类的对话一般涉及交通工具晚点或交通出现了某些问题。
对于交通工具晚点的问题,有时会谈论正点时间和推延的时间,然后再说原因。
这类题的关键词是:be caught in a traffic jam, the rush hour, flat tire, break down, traffic accident, behind schedule, due等。
w: i'm sorry, sir. the train is somewhat behind schedule.
take a seat, and i'll tell you as soon as we know something definite.
m: thank you. i'll just sit here and read a magazine in the meantime.
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