高考单词拼写专题指导。
试题特点及命题趋势】
1.所考单词都在考纲《词汇表》范围之内。
2.所考词汇一般为多音节词，绝大部分单词在5个字母以上。
3.多为常见词或容易拼写错误的单词，多数单词都有不同的变化形式。
4.考查词类主要为：动词（包括非谓语动词）、名词、形容词和副词，偶尔会有数词。
5.题干句子简单明了，体现“词不离句，词随句变”的特点，即根据语境要求填入单词。
近五年所考单词列表如下：
典型错误】1.词性不分。
do you know how many countries belong to欧洲）union.
the government will take立刻）action to punish the criminals.
since my到达）in france,i h**e made a great number of friends.
2.忽略名词的复数形式及不规则变化。
one of the乘客）taking the plane to london is a great writer.
i set a trap for老鼠）,but i failed to catch any one.
3.可数名词和不可数名词不分。
we’ve just bought a big house and need some new家具）.
we offered our祝贺）to li ping on winning the first prize in the national english competition.
4.不清楚不规则和规则动词的正确形式。
it was extremely cold and some animals were冻）to death.
the idea started in standlake and has传开）throughout the country.
the president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without __参考）to his notes.
5.忽略时态和语态。
the house that fell last night is being重建）.
many people聚集）in the main square and supported him.
6.忽略非谓语动词形式。
we’re looking forward to收到）your letter as soon as possible.
john had a bad cold. he kept咳嗽）the whole night.
7.忽略形容词、副词的恰当选择或比较级、最高级形式。
you’ll feel凉爽）to stand in the shade than in the sun.
please think仔细）before you answer the questions.
参***：应试策略】
1。运用单词“三到位”判断法即“词义——词性——词形”三步曲完成。
1）判断词义。由句意或所给汉语判断词义，确定单词。
i can’t find a copy of the dictionary you __提及) to yesterday.
a fence at the back of the garden分开) us from the neighbors.
everyone here took part in the fight against the flood包括)the old people
参***：refered;seperates;including
2）判断词性。分析应填词担任的句子成分，正确判断是用形容词还是副词，用动词还是名词等。判断词性的方法如下：
名词〗 一般情况下在下列句式中我们可确定所缺空应为名词。
a/an/the +（adj.）+名词； adj.+名词； adv.+ adj.+名词；
介词+名词形容词性物主代词+名词；
数词+名词缺的词在句中为主语，表语，宾语时多为名词。
he was given a warm welcome on his __到达).
as we all know, cattle h**e four___胃).
参***：arrival,stomachs
动词〗 由于动词在句中充当谓语和非谓语，可根据所缺单词在句中充当的成分来判断此处是否为动词。
people should __珍惜)what they h**e.
lisa, i didn’t __认出) you---you’ve had your hair cut.
he was wearing dark glasses to __保护)his eyes from the sun.
比较) to many other village children, she was lucky to h**e got the chance to study here.
参***：value;recognize,protect,compared
形容词和副词〗 若所缺单词为修饰语则考虑形容词和副词。形容词的主要句法作用为表语和定语，据此可判断所缺是否为形容词；副词一般主要用来修饰形容词，副词，动词或整个句子，据此可判断所缺单词是否为副词。
i suggest that we h**e定期) meetings
he was __好奇) to know what was happening in the office.
we were talking on the phone when突然),the line went dead.
i __通常)go to bed at 10:00 but i stayed up till 11:00 last night.
参***：regular;curious;suddenly;usually
3）判断词形。
1）若为名词，应注意其可数还是不可数以及单复数形式。
2）若为谓语动词，应注意人称、数、时态、语态、语气等；若为非谓语则要考虑其不定式(to do ),现在分词(doing ),过去分词(done )等形式。尤其要注意不定式，动名词，分词作宾语和宾语补足语等的固定搭配。如finish, mind, delay, consider等只能用动名词做宾语；感官动词使役动词后既可跟分词又可跟不定式做补语，要注意其区别。
3）若为形容词和副词主要考虑其原形及在比较级句型中的形式。
they finished测量) that piece of land last week.
the village children like to go __游泳) in the nearby river.
people in different parts of the world庆祝)their festivals in difficult ways.
in our library,there are many news*****s and杂志）。
she has some困难）rembering people’s names.
it is凉爽）today than it was yesterday.
several new railway are under建设) in china.
in the accident, fourteen people were killed包括)three children.
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