倒装句用法归纳mar 2, 2011
一。 半倒装。
半倒装特点：某些标志性词语放句首，其后是辅助性动词，然后是主语和谓语等。
放句首，后边紧跟状语，句子半倒装。作状语的有副词，介词短语和从句。
only in this way can we improve our working conditions.
介词短语in this way, 作状语。)
only then did i realize the importance of love.
副词then, 作状语。）
only after he had finished his homework was he allowed to watch tv.
从句after he had finished his homework, 作状语。）
2. not only…, but also…
not only…, but also…分别引起一个句子，not only 引起的句子半倒装。
not only can she sing well, but also she can dance well.
not only does he teach (教) english, but also he taught chinese in a school last year.
not only does he work (工作) in a company, but also he writes novels in his spare time.
3. 否定副词放句首。
not, never, seldom, little, rarely, by no means, at no time, hardly…when…,
no sooner…than… 等否定副词放句首，句子半倒装。
1) not a penny will i lend you.
2) never h**e i heard such a big lie.
3) rarely did he watch midnight tv programs.
4) by no means shall i invest in the stock market. (**市场)
5) at no time should a party member put his personal interest first.
6) seldom do we h**e fun.
7) no sooner had he arrived home, than he planned to start another journey.
8) not until i began to work did i realize how much time i had wasted.
4. so也； neither / nor 也不。
so也， 放句首，句子半倒装。
neither / nor 也不， 放句首，句子半倒装。
1) he is a teacher. so am i.
他是老师，我也是老师。
2) tom is a footballer of our school and he studies very hard. so it is with peter. (it is the same with peter.
)汤姆是我校足球队员，他学习很用功。彼得也如此。
（介绍汤姆的句子有两个谓语，这时就不能用”so +助动词”的半倒装说明另一个人彼得的情况，而用so it is with peter. 或it is the same with peter.）
3) -tom is very popular with girls.
-- so he is. (他确实如此)
注意：so 译成 “确实如此”时，句子不倒装。)
1) if you don’t go to the party, nor / neither will i.
如果你不去参加晚会，我也将不去。（主将从现）
2) i don’t know, nor do i care.
我不知道，我也不在乎。
5. so… that… ；such… that… 如此…以致…
把so 和such 的词组放句首，主句半倒装， that引起的从句不变。
so tired am i that i don’t want to study.
so attentively was he working that he didn’t notice me come in.
such a good film is it that we all like it.
6. as 尽管。
这也算一种半倒装的句子，比较特殊，不是将辅助类动词放句首。而是将作表语的名词或形容词放句首，也可以将副词和谓语动词放句首，句子其余部分照常。注意名词放句首时，冠词a/an省略。
child as he is, he is very helpful.
尽管他是孩子，却很能帮助人。
young as he is, he is very considerate.
尽管他年轻，却很体谅人。
hard as he tried, he failed.
尽管他很努力，他失败了。
try as he might, he failed.
尽管他尽力了，他失败了。
二。 完全倒装。
完全倒装的特点：将主语和谓语的位置互换，叫完全倒装。也有一些标志词和固定结构。
there, now, then, 等放句首。
这些标志词放句首，句子完全倒装。
here is your letter.
给你信。there goes the bell.
铃响了。now comes your turn.
轮到你了。then came the chairman.
然后主席进来了。
注意：here it is.
there it goes
说明： 如果主语是人称代词，主谓语序正常， 句子不倒装。
2. in, out, up, down, away 等放句首。
这些位置转移的副词放句首，句子完全倒装。
1) the door opened and in came mr. smith, our headmaster.
2) out rushed a cat from under the table.
3) up flew the kite.
4) down came the bird.
5) away flew my hat.
转换：in he came.
out it rushed.
up it flew.
down it came .
away it flew.
说明：如果主语是人称代词，主谓语序正常，句子不倒装。
3. 状谓主 （为了保持句子平衡，这种“状谓主”结构，后面往往会有一个定语修饰主语。）
in front of the house sat a small boy, who was ****** a kite.
房前坐着一个小男孩，他在做风筝。这里定语从句， 修饰主语a small boy）
under a big tree sat an old man, half asleep.
大树下坐着一位老人，半睡着。这里half asleep, 修饰主语an old man)
4. 表系主 （为了保持句子平衡， 这种“表系主”结构，后面也往往有一个定语修饰。）
1) beside him was his wife, who was beautifully dressed.
2) gone are the days when chinese people used foreign oil.
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