句子的种类。
一、按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
注意: 疑问句的回答。
1) 一般疑问句。
用来询问一件事或情况是否属实。用yes 或 no 来回答。
2) 特殊疑问句。
特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词加一般疑问句构成,不能用yes来no回答。一般用完整的回答或是直接回答疑问词的提问。where are you from?
i am from beijing. 或 beijing.
3) 选择疑问句。
提供两种或两种以上的选项供对方选择,前面的选项之间用逗号分隔开来,后两项之间用or连接,回答时选择一种。
would you like a pear, an apple or a banana ? i’d like a banana。
4) 反意疑问句。
由陈述句加一个简短问句构成,简短问句对陈述句提出相反的疑问。如果陈述句部分是肯定,后面问句就用否定形式;陈述句部分是否定,简短问句则用肯定形式。
he likes music, doesn’t he?
yes,he does. 是的,他喜欢。 no,he doesn’t. 不,他不喜欢。
he doesn’t like music, does he ?
yes,he does. 不,他喜欢。 no,he doesn’t. 是的,他喜欢。
即回答应该按实际情况来回答,实际情况是肯定的,就用yes。否定的就用no.
小学英语一般疑问句,否定句以及对划线部分提问的解题指导。
改为一般疑问句:
先找am, is, are, was, were或can, would,放在最前面,如没有则判断是否为过去式,是则动词改为原形,句前加did,其余照抄;
不是则判断是否为第三人称单数,是则动词改为原形,句前加does,其余照抄。
以上都不是,则句前加do,其余照抄。
改为否定句:
方法和上面一样,先找am, is, are, was, were或can, would,再后加not,其余照抄。
如没有则判断是否为过去式,是则动词改为原形,人后加didn’t,其余照抄;
不是则判断是否为第三人称单数,是则动词改为原形,人后加doesn’t,其余照抄。
以上都不是,则人后加don’t,其余照抄。
对划线部分提问:
用适当的疑问词代替划线部分,②将剩余部分改为一般疑问句。
注:如划线部分为主语,则用who代替,其余照抄;如划线部分为动词或动词短语,则用do代替,句前加what,再改为一般疑问句)例如:
he is running now.--he isn’t running now. -is he running now?
---yes, he is. /no, he isn’t.
they are ****** a puppet.--they aren’t ****** a puppet.--are they ****** a puppet?
---yes, they are. /no, they aren’t.
i often watch tv in the evening.--i don’t often watch tv in the evening.--
do you often watch tv in the evening?--yes, i do. no, i don’t.
he plays football after school. -he doesn’t play football after school.
does he play football after school?--yes, he does. no,he doesn’t.
we began class at 8 o’clock yesterday.--we didn’t begin class at 8 o’clock yesterday.
did you begin class at 8 o’clock yesterday? -yes,we do. no, we don’t.
练一练:1、填入适当的疑问词。
1)__wallet is it? it’s mine.2)__is the christmas day? it’s on the 25th of december.
3)__is the diary? it’s under the chair. 4)__is the boy in blue? he’s mike.
5)__are the earphones? they are 25 yuan. 6)__is it today?
it’s sunday. 7)__is this red one? it’s beautiful.
8)__is it from here? it’s about 2 kilometres away.
9)__is your cousin? he’s 15years old. 10)__do you h**e dinner? at 6 o’clock.
11one is fatter, the blue one or the red one? the blue one.
2、对划线部分提问。
1) i can see eight rubbers in the boxcan___see in the box?
2) my father is fine today.__your father today?
3) liu tao is playing football in the playground.__liu tao___in the playground?
4) my birthday is on the 9th of septemberyour birthday?
5) i’d like a nice cake for breakfastlike for breakfast?
6) that’s nancy’s skirtis that?
3、按要求改写句子。
1) it’s a book.(改为一般疑问句。
2) my father is in the office.(对划线部分提问。
3) do you watch tv every sunday?(做肯定回答。
4) this picture is beautiful.(改为以what引导的感叹句) whatpicture!
5) open the door for him.(改为否定句。
6) i h**e a big present.(对划线部分提问。
7) there are some orange trees.(改为单数句子。
8) we are going to see a beijing opera.(对划线部分提问。
9) he has some questions.(改为一般疑问句。
10) they visited their relatives and friends last spring festival.(改为一般疑问句)
___they___their relatives and friendslast spring festival?
二、基本句型:
1.主 + 谓语动词(s+v)如: i work. you study. they swim.
2.主语 + 系动词 + 表语 (s +linkv +p)
we are in the classroom. they look like twins.
the food tastes deliciousle**es turn green.
3.主语 + 谓动 + 宾语(s+v+o) she studies english. they play football.
4. 主语 + 谓动 + 宾语 + 补语(s+v+o+c) we should keep our class clean.
5. 主语 + 谓动 + 间接宾语(人) +直接宾语(物)(s+v+io+do)
my mother made me a new dress. the teacher g**e us some books.
三、按结构分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1.简单句:只包括一个主语和谓语的句子。例如:he likes swimming. we are students.
2.并列句:包含两个或两个以上主语和谓语结构的句子,句与句之间用并列连词或分号来连接。如:
the food was good, but he had little appetite.
you must)hurry up, or you will be late for school.
3.复合句:包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子,从句有从属连词(when, while, before, after, as soon as , if, because, so, though, etc.
)引导。如:
the film had begun when we got to the cinema.
he didn’t go to school because he was ill yesterday.
练一练:连词成句。
4. is,the,what,weather,today,like
5. you,me,please,could,help
6. are,what,they,colour
7. many,minutes,hour,there,how,are,in,an
8. him,give,please,water,a,of,bottle
9. to,i,put,the,ball,in,the,box,want
there/here be结构。
1、there be结构表示“某时、某地存在着什么事物或人”,包括there is、there are、there was there were。如:there is a school near my home.
there are many books in my school-bag.
there was a river here.
here be结构与它类似,用法也完全相同,只不过是表示“这里存在着什么事物或人”。
2、与h**e、has、had的区别:
1)there be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)there be +名词+某地 ;
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