七年级主要短语及用法。
1. be interested in doing sth. =be keen on doing sth.
对做某事感兴趣;热衷于做某事。
he is interested in singing. =he is keen on singing.
they are interested in dancing. =they are keen on dancing.
doing---表示动词的现在分词(-ing形式);即在这个短语中,动词必须用现在分词。
动词变为ing形式分几大类,具体分类第二单元语法课件里有详细讲解。
i am interested in playing basketball. =i am keen on playing basketball.
are you interested in playing the piano? -no, i am not.
钢琴属于西洋乐器,所以在play后面要加the;而球类运动(如basketball等)则不用。
be interested in sth. =be keen on sth.
对某物感兴趣;热衷于某物。
fred is interested in sports. =fred is keen on sports.
our teachers are interested in music. =our teachers are keen on music.
当需要表达的意思是对某物体感兴趣时,不需要加动词,直接加名词或名词短语即可。
2. come from… =be from来自于。
she comes from china. =she is from china.
主语是第三人称单数,动词后要加s;句中有be动词时,要用is(过去时用was)
she doesn’t come from china. =she is not from china.
变为否定句时,要注意句中是否有be动词:
有be动词时,直接在be动词后加not;
没有be动词时,则需添加一个助动词(do / does),然后在助动词后加not.
does she come from china? =is she from china?
变为疑问句时,句子中如果有be动词,就将be动词提到主语前,句尾加问号;
如果没有be动词,则需添加助动词(do / does)并放到句首,同时,句中的动词必须变为原形。(comes → come)
this movie was based on a real story.
this movie was from a real story.
= this movie came from a real story.
这部电影是根据一个真实故事改编的。(这部电影来自一个真实的故事)
be based on...意思是“以。为基础”;
在例句的这种情况中,可以用be from和come from来替换。(其它时候不可以替换)
电影的改编过程,通常都是已经完成的事情,所以大多用过去式。
be动词的过去式为was, were;动词过去式大部分直接加ed,但也有少数特殊变化。
was this movie based on a real story?
was this movie from a real story? =did this movie come from a real story?
变为疑问句时,特别要注意动词的时态;动词过去式决定助动词必须用did.
3. pass sb. sth. =pass sth. to sb. 把某物(sth.)传/递给某人(sb.)
can you pass me the cup please? =can you pass the cup to me please?
can意思是“能够”,属于情态动词。
只要有情态动词,动词永远都用原形,不再受主语影响。
tom passed his brother a pen just now.
tom passed a pen to his brother just now.
just now意为“刚才”,说明句子是过去时,所以动词要变过去式。
did tom pass his brother the pen just now?
did tom pass the pen to his brother just now?
过去时,句中没有“be动词”,变疑问句时要用“助动词”did
4. each other = one another彼此,互相。
we always help each other. =we always help one another.
句中有频率副词always,表示习惯性的动作,说明句子是一般现在时。
主语不是第三人称单数,所以动词用原形。
频率副词(由高至低排列):always → usually → often → sometimes → seldom → never
总是通常经常有时候很少从不。
do trees often communicate with each other?
do trees often communicate with one another?
句中有频率副词often,说明这是一般现在时的句子。
主语不是第三人称单数,所以动词用原形。
句中没有be动词,变疑问句时要用助动词do
they trusted each other two years ago. =they trusted one another two years ago.
句中有表示时间的短语two years ago,说明这是过去时的句子,动词trust要变过去式。
did they trust each other two years ago? =did they trust one another two years ago?
过去时的句子,句中没有be动词时,变疑问句时要用助动词did
5. why not do sth. ?why don’t you do sth. ?不如。提建议)
why not walk to school? =why don’t you walk to school?
这两个句子的共同点在于,动词都要用原形;
而不同点也很明显,why not后面直接加动词,但是如果是why don’t,则必须要加上对于听取这条建议的人的称呼,即例句中的you,然后再加动词。
6. be famous for...be well-known for以。而闻名。
beijing is famous for the great wall. =beijing is well-known for the great wall.
这两个短语之所以意思相同,仅仅是因为famous和well-known这两个单词意思相同;而短语里的其他部分(be动词和介词for)是完全不变的。
注意well-known的拼写,这是一个独立的单词,中间的短横线“-”一定要写上!
7. offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb.
provide sth. for sb. =provide sb. with sth.
为某人提供某物。
our school offers
our school offers to
这个例句中对应的sb.是us,而sth.则是books and classrooms
主语(our school)是第三人称单数,所以动词(offer)要加s(offers);
us是we的宾格,“我们”是在学校里使用书本和教室的人,是“提供”这个动作的承受者,所以要用宾格;
人称代词的宾格在第一单元课件中有详细列表,请自行查阅。
our school provides with books and classrooms.
主语(our school)是第三人称单数,所以动词(provide)要加s(provides);
provide这个词本身有“提供”的意思,要为他人提供某物,首先必须准备好该物品;为了便于解释,我们暂时将它定义为“做准备”。
provides us:给我们做准备。
那么,用什么为我们做准备呢?
这里涉及到一个伴随的条件,或者说使用的工具,我们用“with”加“具体物品”表示。
our school provides for
provides books and classrooms:准备书本和教室。
准备这些东西给谁用?为了谁而准备这些物品呢?
当然是为了学生,也就是句中的我们“us”;
为了某人,用“for”加人称或人名来表示。
8. enjoy oneself = h**e fun = h**e a good time 玩得开心。
短语中的oneself表示反身代词:“某人自己”,但oneself这个词绝不会出现在句子中;
反身代词一共有8个:单数5个(f结尾),复数3个(ves结尾);
具体内容在第一单元课件中有**,使用时应根据句子中文意思选择正确的反身代词。
we enjoyed ourselves at the beach yesterday.
we had fun at the beach yesterday.
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