新概念英语第一册 定语从句

发布 2020-09-14 23:43:28 阅读 8831

篇一】定语从句。

1.了解定语从句的构成,首先应了解一些相关的基本概念。

a.被修饰的名词等成分通常叫做先行词;b.连接先行词和定语从句的词为关系词。

2.定语从句由关系代词、关系副词和关系限定词三类关系词连接而成,这三种也将在定语从句讲解中一一说明。

定语从句讲解关系词的具体用法。

1.关系代词 which,who,whom,that 和 as

2.关系代词,顾名思义,必有代替对象。上述五个关系代词各有其具体指代对象,在从句中作相应的成分。此外,它们引导的定语从句和先行词是形容词与名词的修饰关系。

【篇二】例句及翻译

例句1:pumas are large,cat-like animals( that/which are found in america.)

【译文】美洲狮是体形似猫的大型动物,产于美洲。

【注解】关系代词作从句主语,不可省略。

例句2:the house (that/which we built last year) is very attractive.

【译文】我们去年建造的房子很讨人喜欢。

【注解】关系代词作从句宾语,可省略。

例句3:the novel (with/which most of you are familiar) has been adapted for the screen.

【译文】你们大多数都很熟悉的那部**已被改编搬上了荧屏。

【注解】关系代词直接置于介词后作介词宾语,此时不可被that替换,也不可省略。

例句4:he was no longer the reckless young man( that/which he was two years ago).

【译文】他不再是两年前那个莽撞的小伙子了。

【注解】关系代词作从句表语,可省略;此外,先行词the young man代表一种状态,属物的范畴,不能用who来引导定语从句。

例句5:migrant workers(to whom much more attention has been paid) strongly desire that their wages should be duly paid.

【译文】现在民工受到了社会更大的关注,他们强烈渴望自己的工资能够及时发放。

【注解】关系代词直接置于介词后作介词宾语,此时不可被who替换,也不可省略。

例句6:such accommodations(as they could find) were generally expensive.

【译文】他们能够找到的这些住所费用往往比较昂贵。

【注解】之所以选择关系代词as引导定语从句,是因为前面有such之故。

例句7:such inns(as there were in the mountains) were generally poor.

【译文】这些山区里的酒馆条件往往比较糟糕。

【注解】之所以选择关系代词as引导定语从句,是因为前面有such之故。

例句8:this is the same mosquito(as bit you just now).

【译文】这只蚊子和刚才咬你的那只是同一种蚊子。

【注解】之所以选择关系代词as引导定语从句,是因为前面有the same之故。

定语从句讲解小结:

(1)一般来讲,which和that用来替代指物的先行词,在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语 (that不能作介词后面的宾语);who替代指人的先行词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语(但不能作介词后面的宾语);whom是who的宾格形式,替代指人的先行词,在定语从句中只能作宾语;as作为关系代词,只能用于一些特殊搭配(such...as/the same...as)。

(2)that既可指物也可指人,但在当代英语中,多指物。

(3)当关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语或表语时,经常可省略,但当which,whom 紧跟在介词后则不可省略。

例如:is that the man(with whom you are going to set up a law firm)?

is that the man(who/whom)(you are going to set up a law firm with)?

【篇三】只能用that的情形。

a.当先行词为 all,much,anything, something, nothing,everything, little,none 等不定代词,或先行词被all,any,every等不定代词修饰时,只能用that替代指物的先行词。

例如:①that'a all(that i ask for).

【译文】这就是我要的一切。

②is there anything(that i can do for you) ?

【译文】我可以为您效劳吗?

③every tearo(that intends to participate in the contest) is to submit a fee of 2000.

【译文】每一个意欲参加比赛的队伍都应该缴纳两千元的费用。

b.先行词被形容词髙级修饰,或被the only,the first,the last,the next,the very等修饰时,只能用that替代指物的先行词。

例如:①he eats the finest food(that is **ailable).

【译文】他吃的是所提供的精美的食物。

②the first case of bird flu( that was reported in thailand) captured the attention of officials with who.

【译文】泰闰报道的第一例禽流感引起了世界卫生组织**们的注意。

③this is the very book(that i h**e been hunting for a long time).

【译文】这就是我长期以来一直寻找的那本书。

c.先行词既包括人,又包括物时。

例如:①he is always talking brilliantly of the book and author(that interested him)

【译文】他对那本书及其作者很感兴趣,总是兴高采烈地谈论着他们。

② we were deeply impressed by the school and its teachers (that we had visited there).

【译文】我们访问的学校和老师给我们留下了深刻的印象。

(5)只能用which的情形。

a.用于介词之后(可参见a例句3)。

b.用于非限制定语从句中。

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