英语词汇正误辨析

发布 2020-01-03 13:51:28 阅读 4930

英语词汇正误辨析:afford正误用法。

他卖不起小车。

误:he doesn’t afford (to h**e) a car.

正:he can’t afford (to h**e) a car.

析:afford(担负得起)通常要与 can, be able to 连用。

那样的东西许多人可以买得起。

误:such things can be afforded by many people.

正:many people can afford such things.

析:在现代英语中 afford(负担得起)不用于被动语态。

我想请人把车子修一下, 因为我买不起新的。

误:i want to get my car repaired because i can’t afford the money for a new one.

正:i want to get my car repaired because i can’t afford (to buy) a new one.

析:afford(负担得起)可用于金钱方面(用于 afford to buy 之类的),但通常不直接以 money 为宾语(from

电视给人以快乐。

误:television affords pleasure for us.

正:television affords pleasure to us.

析:afford(提供)可接双宾语(直接宾语通常为抽象概念),若双宾语易位,要用介词 to。注意:afford 表示“提供”时, 无需与 can, be able to 连用。

英语词汇正误辨析:agree的正误用法。

他们同意我做这事。

误:they agreed me to do it.

正:they agreed to let me do it.

正:they agreed to my doing it.

析:不要按汉语习惯用 agree sb to do sth 来表示“同意某人做某事”, 要表示此意, 需改用其它结构。

他们大多数同意帮助我们。

误:most of them agreed helping us.

正:most of them agreed to help us.

析:表示同意做某事,agree 后要接不定式,不接动名词。

他想出国,但我们没一个人同意。

误:he wanted to go abroad, but none of us agreed (to) him.

正:he wanted to go abroad, but none of us agreed with him.

析:表示同意某人(或某人的想法、意见等), 要用 agree with sb, 不用 agree (to) sb。

这种天气对她不适宜。

误:the weather does not agree to her.

正:the weather does not agree with her.

析:表示“(食物、天气、工作等)对 ..适宜”, 英语要用 agree with。

如:hard work does not agree with him. (艰苦的工作对他不适宜)。

/such food doesn’t agree with babies. (那样的食物对婴儿不适合) (from

我们已商定好了这辆旧车的价钱。

误:we h**e agreed with (to) the price for the old car.

正:we h**e agreed on the price for the old car.

析:agree on 指双方通过讨论或协商而取得一致的意见或达成协议,其主语通常为复数形式或表示复数意义的词。又如:

we didn’t agree on when to start.(关于什么时候出发, 我们没有达成一致意见)。

英语词汇正误辨析:alert的用法错点。

我们对于任何可能发生的危险都很警觉。

误:we were alert at any possible danger.

正:we were alert to any possible danger.

析:表示对某事物留心或警惕,alert 通常与介词 to 连用。

医生警告我要注意睡眠不足的危险性。

误:the doctor alerted me of the danger of not gettingenough sleep.,

正:the doctor alerted me to the danger of not gettingenough sleep.,

析:动词 alert 在 alert sb to sth(警告某人注意某事物) 结构中的用法与其形容词类似,用介词 to 连用,不要与 warn sb of sth(警告某人有某情况)相混。

英语词汇正误辨析:alive的用法错点。

虽然他很老了, 但还很有生气。

误:although he is old, he is very alive.

正:although he is old, he is (very) much alive.

析:alive(活跃的,有生气的)通常不用 very 修饰, 但可用 much 或 very much 修饰。

他是当今最伟大的科学家。

误:he is greatest alive scientist.

正:he is greatest scientist alive.

正:he is greatest living scientist.

析:alive 在句中通常用作表语,有时也用作后置定语、状语或补语等,但通常不能放在名词前作定语:he was buried alive.

(他被活埋了)。i am afraid he can’t come back alive.(恐怕他不能活着回来) (from

树林中到处是鸟。

误:the woods are alive for birds.

正:the woods are alive with birds.

析:be alive with 意为“充满”、“到处是”。如:the kitchen was alive with ants.(厨房到处是蚂蚁)。

英语词汇正误辨析:apply的正误用法。

这样我们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。

误:in this way we can better apply theory with practice.

正:in this way we can better apply theory to practice.

析:apply 表示“应用”、“运用”等,是及物动词,要表示“将 ..运用到。

通常与介词 to 连用。比较:he applied all his money to set [setting] up a factory.

(他把所有的钱都用来建一家工厂),这里用不定式可视为目的状语。

这些方法适用于英语学习。

误:these methods apply to learn english.

误:these methods apply for learning english.

正:these methods apply to learning english. (from

析:apply 表示“适用”,通常为不及物动词,要表示“适用于。通常用介词 to,不用for。另外,因 to 是介词,所以其后接动词时用动名词。

他们向**申请经济援助。

误:they applied the government for financial help.

正:they applied to the government for financial help.

析:apply 表示“申请”的常用句型为:apply for sth(申请得到某物);apply to sb(向某人申请);apply to sb for sth(向某人申请得到某物);apply to do sth(申请做某事)等。

她专心学习英语。

误:she applied herself to learn english.

正:she applied herself to learning english.

析:apply oneself to意为“专心致力于”、“专心从事”,其中的 to 是介词,其后若出现动词,要用动名词(from

英语词汇正误辨析:使用accordingto三忌。

一忌与第一人称连用。

按英语习惯,according to通常指的是根据别人或别处,而不能根据自己,所以它不能用于第一人称,同时也很少用于第二人称,而主要用于第三人称,如:

正:according to him, she is not honest. 据他说,她不诚实。

误:according to me, she is not honest.

二忌与表示观点的词语连用。

according to后习惯上不接view(看法)和opinion(意见)这类词表示观点或看法的词,如:

依我看,这部电影很不错。

误:according to my opinion, the film is wonderful.

正:in my opinion, the film is wonderful.

三忌直接后跟句子。

according to是介词,其后原则上只接名词或代词,不接句子。如:

according to the timetable, the train gets in at 8:27. 根据时刻表,火车8点27分进站。

according to the traffic rules, you must stop at a red light. 依照交通法规,遇到红灯必须停车。

when (it is) taken according to the instructions, the drug has no side effects. 若按说明服用,本药无任何***。

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