英语五个基本句式。
从英语的句子结构上说，除了修饰名词的定语和修饰动词的状语外，在千变万化的句子中可归纳为五个基本句式，一般地说，某些动词用在某一句式中，下面把这些句型和常用的动词进行归类，供你参考。
主） +vi（不及物动词）（谓）
time flies.
1) s + v + adverbial(状语）
birds sing beautifully.
2) s + vi+ prep phrase（介词短语）
he went on holiday.
3) s + vi+ infinitive (不定式）
we stopped to h**e a rest.
4) s + vi+ participle (分词）
i'll go swimming.
2. s (主）+ vt （及物动词）（谓）+ o（宾）
we like english.
1) s + vt + n/pron
i like music.
i like her.
2) s + vt + infinitive(不定式）
i want to help him.
常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。
3) s + vt + wh-word + infinitive
i don't know what to do.
常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。
4) s + vt + gerund
i enjoy living here.
常用于这句型的动词有：admit, advise, **oid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等。
5) s + vt + that-clause
i don't think (that) he is right.
常用于这句型的动词有：admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel(觉得）, hear（听说）, hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind（当心）, notice, propose, request, report, say, see（看出），show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder(觉得奇怪）。
3. s (主）+ v（谓）（lv)( 系动词）+ p（表）
we are chinese.
除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。2) 表转变变化的动词，become, get, grow, turn, go,等。 3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。
4)表瞬时的动词 come, fall, set, cut, occur等 5)其他动词 eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang等。
1) s + lv + n/pron(名词/代词）
he is a boy.
this is mine.
2) s + lv + adj（形容词）
she is beautiful.
3) s + lv + adv (副词）
class is over.
4) s + lv + prep phrase
he is in good health.
5) s + lv + participle(分词）
he is excited.
the film is interesting.
4. s (主）+ vt （谓）+ in o（间接宾） +d o（直接宾）
i give you help.
1) s + vt + n/pron + n
i sent him a book.
i bought may a book.
2) s + vt + n/pron + to/for-phrase
he sent a book to me.
he bought a coat for me.
间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：allow, bring, deny, do(带来）， give, grant, hand, le**e, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, le**e, make, order, paint, play(演奏），s**e, sing, spare等。
5. s (主）+ vt（谓）+ o（宾） +o c（宾补）
i make you clear.
1) s + vt + n/pron + n
we named our baby tom.
常用于这句型的动词有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名）。
2) s + vt + n/pron + adj
he painted the wall white.
常用于这句型的动词有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, le**e, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等。
3) s + vt + n/pron + prep phrase
she always keeps everything in good order.
4) s + vt + n/pron + infinitive
i wish you to stay.
i made him work
常用于这句型的动词有：a)不定式带to的词：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, le**e, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。
b)不定式不带to的词：feel, h**e, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等。
5) s + vt + n/pron + participle (分词）
i heard my name called.
i feel something moving.
常用于这句型的动词有：catch, feel, find, get, h**e, hear, imagine, keep, le**e, listen to, look at, notice, observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。
6) s + vt + n/pron + wh-word + infinitive
he show me how to do it.
常用于这句型的动词有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。
7) s + vt + n/pron + that-clause
he told me that the film was great.
常用于这句型的动词有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等。
8) s + vt + n/pron + wh-clause
he asked me what he should do.
常用于这句型的动词有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.
初学英语的人常常感到在掌握一些英语单词和基本语法后，在英语说和写方面还是很难表达自己，笔者认为其中一个原因是没有掌握一些英语句型，只有掌握了一些句型才能比较正确、完整地表达自己。下面是收集的一些常用句型。
1. 否定句型。
1) 一般否定句。
i don't know this. no news is good news.
there is no person (smoke)/not a person/not any person (smoke) in the house.
2)特指否定。
he went to his office, not to see him.
i am sorry for not coming on time.
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