2023年高考英语名师手记之倒装句篇。
一。考纲要求。
根据考纲的要求,考生需要掌握使用部分倒装和全部倒装的几种常见情况。二。命题导向。
近年的高考试题主要是考查句子的正确语序、置于句首先的副词、短语和选择连词三。复习要点1.全部倒装。
在下面几种情况下,需把全部的谓语动词放在主语之前,构成全部倒装:(1)在there be/seem/appear/live/stand/lie/fly/exist/remain等存在句中。例如:
look, there's that bookshop i was telling you about。
long ago there lived a king with his three lovely daughters。
2)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词如here、there、now、then、up、down、in、away、out等置于句首时,为使生动地描述情景而采用倒装语序。此时,句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。例如:
there goes the phone. i'll answer it。
there comes the bus!
suddenly, in came a man with a mask on his face。(3)such作表语置于句首时。例如:
such was albert einstein, a ****** man and the 20th century's greatest scientist.(4)直接引语的全部或部分位于句首时。例如:
if you die, who will get your money?”asked holmes。(5)表示地点的介词短语开头的句子。
in the center of the square stands a monument。on the back wall hangs a portrait。
inside the pyramids are burial rooms for the kings and queens。
6)为平衡句子结构,或使上下文衔接紧密,而将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首,引起倒装。例如:
gone forever are the days when the chinese people had to use foreign oil。seated on the grass are a group of students。
lying about on the floor are books and magazines。2.部分倒装。
在下列几种情况下,只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前,构成部分倒装。
1)little,never,not,seldom,neither,nor,rarely,seldom,bynomeans,atnotime,undernocircumstances, in no case等表示否定意义的单词和短语位于句首时。例如:little does he care about what others think。
under no circumstances are you to le**e the house。not a word did he say at the meeting yesterday。
2)在not…until…,nosooner...than...scarcely/hardly...
when...notonly...butalso...
neither...nor.。.等句式中。
例如:not until he told me did i know the truth。
hardly had she sat down when the phone rang。
not only do the workers want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well。neither does he drink nor smoke。
3)当only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时。例如:only then did i find i h**e made a mistake。
4)在so/such …that…。从句中,当so+形容词/副词或such+名词位于句首时。例如:
so exhausted was she that she wanted to h**e a rest。
5)当表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物时,常用so/as+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,表示“……也是……”例如:times h**e changed and so h**e i。eve’s very tall, as was her mother。
6)当neither,nor位于句首,表示前面否定的内容也适用与另一个人或事物时,常用neither/nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,表示“……也不……”例如:they couldn’t understand it at the time, and nor could we。
7)省略if的虚拟条件句,把助动词were、had、should提到主语前面时。例如:
had it not been for your help, we shouldn't h**e achieved so much(8)as和though引导的让步状语从句时。例如:child as he is, he knows a lot of things。
try as she might, sue couldn't get the door open。strange though it may seem, i like housework。(9)当may放在句首,表达祝愿时。
例如:may you succeed!祝你成功!
四。注意事项。
1.当主语是人称代词而不是名词时,以简短副词开头的句子不倒装。例如:here you are。away they went。
2.当only修饰主语而不是修饰状语时,句子不倒装。例如:
only you are responsible for what you will become in the future。only in this way can you learn english well。
3. not修饰主语而不是修饰动词时,句子不倒装。例如:not one of the students knew the answer。
4.当前后两个说话人谈论的是同一人、同一事时,常用so/as+主语+系动词/助动词/情态动词,不再采用主谓倒装。例如:
i reminded you not to forget the appointment。—so you did。
you forgot your purse when you went out。—good he**ens, so i did。
五。精典名题导解。
1. (2008上海) so much of interest __that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing itall。
a. offers beijing b. beijing offers c. does beijing offer d. beijing does offer
考点解析:题干为so…that句式,因so位于句首,因此主句采用部分倒装语序。最佳答案为c。
2. (2008陕西)not until the motorbike looked almost newrepairing and cleaning it。a.
he stopped b. did he stop c. stopped he d.
he did stop
考点解析:题干中含有not...until.。.句式,而且not +until从句位于句首,因此主句采用部分。
倒装语序。最佳答案为b。
3. (2008辽宁) bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by jason, and __
a. i was neither b. neither was i c. i was either d. either was i
考点解析:前句为否定句,下句不是前句的情况适用于另一主语,因此应用neither/nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,最佳答案为b。
4. (2008重庆) only when i left my parents for italy __how much i loved them。
a. i realized b. i had realized c. had i realized d. did i realize
考点解析:因only+ when状语从句位于句首,因此主句应采用部分倒装语序,最佳答案为d。
5. (2023年郑州市高中毕业班第一次质量**)—how did you enjoy your visit?一in my life had i received such good service from any business。
考点解析:依据题干中had i received谓语采用倒装的信息,可判断空白处填副词never,最佳答案为b。
6.(江西省重点中学协作体2009届高三第一次联考)—itwascarelessofyoutoh**eleftthehouse without turning off the cooker。—my god!。
were you was i did i i did
考点解析:答语中的my god!暗示说话人同意上句的内容,因此空白处填so i did,表示“天那,我真是(太粗心)”。最佳答案为d。
7.(2023年江西省南昌市高三调研测试卷)neverbeforeingreaterneedofmodernpublictransport than it is today。
this city been city has this city city was
考点解析:因含否定意义的词语never位于句首,因此谓语需用部分倒装语序,句中含副词before多用现在完成时,因此最佳答案为a。
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