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宾语从句（m8--10）
一、定义。放在动词后面作宾语的句子，我们称为“宾语从句”。二、句式构成。
宾语从句在主从复合句中做主句的宾语成分，而从句本身是一个完整的句子，其结构通常是：连词（引导词）+主语+谓语。引导词位于从句的句首，从句必须使用陈述语序。三、分类。
根据句子表达意义的肯定与否定，宾语从句可以分为三类：that引导的宾语从句（m8）；whether/if引导的宾语从句（m9）；特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句（m9）。
四、宾语从句的类型1. that引导的宾语从句。
当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“认为”“知道”“相信”“知道”等，后面的句子用that引导。that没有任何词汇意义，只具备语法功能，多数情况下可省略。
注：并非所有的动词后都可接that引导的宾语从句，必须为陈述性动词。
2. whether/ if引导的宾语从句。whether/if意为“是否”，故表达不确定的概念时用其来引导宾语从句。
主句的引述动词表示不确定的概念，如“问”“想知道”等，宾语从句用whether/if引导，引导词在从句中不做任何句子成分，但不可省略。（that可省略）
could i askif/ whetheryou‘ve mentioned this to her?
whether和if一般情况下可以互换，但注意whether…or not句式，以及引导词为介词情况。
3.特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。
宾语从句还可以由特殊疑问词what, which, who, where, when等引导。疑问词在从句中有实际意义，充当句子成分，因此不能省略。 i askedwhyshe smiled at me that day.
could you tell mehowshe’s different?
疑问词引导的宾语从句，一定要使用陈述句语序。
五、宾语从句的时态问题。
1.宾语从句的时态要与主句的时态一致。
主句+引导词+宾语从句。
一般现在时根据句子表达的实际。
一般过去时相应时态的过去时态（时间推前）
manager asks why he want a job in radio./ how he will go to the park.
the manager asked why he wanted a job in radio. /how he would go to the park.2.语法特例：
从句时态不受主句限制的情况：
a.从句表示的是客观事实、科学真理、名言俗语等。
teacher said that the earth goes around the 从句中有具体的过去时间状语，则使用一般过去时。
said that he was born in 2000.精品文档。
精品文档。八年级下册宾语从句专项训练。
一、选择题。
1．i don't knowthe day after tomorrow．a．when does he comeb．how will he comec．if he comesd．whether he'll come2．could you tell methe nearest hospital is？a．whatb．howc．whetherd．where
3．could you tell methe radio without any help？a．how did he mendb．what did he mendc．how he mendedd．what he mended4．i want to know
a．whom is she looking afterb．whom she is looking
c．whom is she lookingd．whom she is looking after5．do you know wherenow？
a．he livesb．does he livec．he livedd．did he live6．do you know what time
a．the train le**eb．does the train le**ec．will the train le**ed．the train le**es
7. he saidshe would le**e the message on the headmaster's thatb. wherec.
whichd. what8. a:
could you tell meb: i'm not sure.
a. how many people h**e been out of hospitalb. when is thanksgiving day
c. which animal does he like bestd. what time will the dolphin show start9.
mr. king didn't knowyesterday evening.
a. when does his son come homeb. when his son comes homec.
when did his son come homed. when his son came home10. the teacher told us yesterday that december 25christmas isb.
wasc. has beend. which11.
i wonderyou would like to come to my birthday party.
a. thatb. whetherc.
that ifd. that whether12. do you knowduring the coming holiday?
a. what will tom dob. what did tom doc.
what tom will dod. what tom did13. the teacher told us that lightmuch faster than sound.
a. tr**elsb. tr**eledc. would tr**eld. had tr**eled
14. do you know ifback next week?if heback, please let me he comes, will comeb.
will he come, comesc. he will come, comesd. will he come, will come15.
what did mike say? he said
a. if you were free the next weekb. what colour was it
c. the weather is fined. summer comes after spring16. tom asked my friend
a. where was he fromb. that the earth is bigger than the moonc.
when did he come backd. not to be so angry精品文档。
精品文档。17. let me tell you
a. how much is the carb. how much does the car costc.
how much did i pay for the card. how much i spent on the car18. peter knew
a. whether he has finished reading the bookb. why the boy had so many questionsc.
there were 12 months in a yeard. when they will le**e for
二．按要求转换句型。
1．does mr．brown enjoy living in china？could you tell us？（改写句子）→could you tell usmr．brownliving in china？
2．“does the girl need any help？”he asked me．（变为复合句）→he asked methe girlsome help．
3．when does the train le**e？i want to know．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）i want to knowthe train
4．they went home after they had finished their homework．（用not．．．until改写）theygo homethey had finished their homework．
5．did peter come here yesterday？li lei wants to know．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）li lei wants to knowpeterhere yesterday．
三、同义句转换。
1. jim said: “the fastest way to tr**el is by plane.”
jim saidthe fastest way to tr**elby plane.2. the teacher said to us:
“spring comes after winter.”
the teacherspringwinter.3. he can’t work out the problem. i believe.
iwork out the problem.4. how can we get to the plane? i don’t know.
i don’t knowget to the plane.5. where did you find the book? could you tell me?
could you tell methe book?6. who has left for haikou? nobody knows.
nobody knowshaikou.7. will you go there by bus? h**e you made a decision?
h**e you decidedthere by bus?精品文档。
精品文档。8. mrs white told tom that he shouldn’t throw ***** on the ground.
mrs white told tom***** on the ground.9. i can’t decide whether i’ll buy that kind of computer.
i can’t decidethat kind of computer.10. the teacher told the boys how to do it.
the teacher told the boysit.11. the soldiers want to know what place they will go to.
the soldiers want to know
四、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1. these flowers are from guangdong. he said.
he saidthese flowersfrom guangdong.
2. light tr**els faster than sound. my teacher told me.
my teacher told melightfaster than will be a meeting in five days. jack didn’t know.
jack didn’t knowtherea meeting in five days.
4. can they speak french? i want to know.
i want to knowfrench.5. are the children playing games? tell me.
tell methe childrengames.6. h**e you finished your homework yet? mr. zhao asked ma chao
mr. zhao asked ma chaohomework yet.7.
how many people can you see in the picture? who knows?
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who knowsin the picture?
8. where did she park her car? do you know?
do you knowher car
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