unit 8 how was your school trip?
现在进行时表将来一般将来时。
表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事要用到句型“be+doing”其中be是助动词，它有人称和单复数的变化。be: am, is, are.
be + 是现在进行时的形式，但用于表示将来。用进行时表将来，常用于表示即将来临的未来预定要做的事情，一般指个人计划要做的事。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词，如，go, come, le**e, start, arrive, move等。
一．肯定句中，结构为“be+doing.”
i am going shopping this afternoon.
二．否定句是在be之后加not. i’m not going to shopping this afternoon.
三．一般疑问句是将be置于句首 are you going shopping this afternoon?—yes, i am/ we are. no, i’m not.
/ we aren’t.
四．特殊疑问句“疑问词+一般疑问句语序。”
what are you doing for vacationwhen is he going camping?
who are you going there withwhere is she goin
重要句型概览】
1. what did you do on your school trip?
2. did you go to the zoo?
no, i didn’t. i went to the aquarium.
3. were there any sharks?
no, there weren’t any sharks, but there were.
【重要词组概览】
go to the aquariums 去水族馆。
take photos照相，拍照。
hang out with sb. 和某人闲逛。
win a prize获奖（金）
h**e a great time 玩得高兴。
take the bus back to school 乘公共汽车回学校。
lots of=a lot of 许多，大量。
at the end of在……的尽头。
go for a drive开车兜风。
help sb. do sth帮助某人做某事。
help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人。
thanks for doing sth. 感谢某人做了某事。
day off休假。
【语法知识聚焦】
一般过去时：表示过去曾经发生的动作或出现的状态，以动词的过去式表达，如：
i was at the library yesterday afternoon.
tom studied hard and did well in the final exam last year.
动词的过去式分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。
1. 规则动词只要在动词词尾加上ed即可。具体方法是一般情况直接加，1. 如：clean—cleaned；
2. 词尾是不发音字母e的，可只加上d，如：like—liked；
3. 词尾为重读闭音节，结尾只有一个辅音字母的，应双写该辅音字母，再加上ed，如：stop—stopped；
4. 词尾为辅音字母加y的，应将y改为i再加上ed，如：study studie
5. 不规则动词有其自己的变化形式，只能分别记忆。
其否定句由助动词did加上not构成；疑问句应在主语前加上助动词did，并将原谓语动词变为原形，如：
we did not go to the cinema yesterday.
did you h**e a good time during the summer holiday?
when did you get to school this morning?
一般过去时的时间状语都是明显表示过去的，如：yesterday、last night、last week、in 1998、three months ago等。
【语法练习】
用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. tommy, you mustn’t __that word. that’s not a nice word.
a. said b. say c. saying d. says
2. let’s __the classroom together.
a. clean b. cleaning c. cleaned d. to clean
3. shall we __some books at the book fair?
a. to buy b. bought c. buy d. buying
4. you may __mr zhang in his office.
a. finds b. find c. finding d. found
5. mike __to school this morning.
a. walks b. walk c. walking d. walked
6. mrs black is in the kitchen. she __dinner for her family.
a. prepares b. prepares c. preparing d. is preparing
7. the boy is standing at the corner. he __wait) for the bus.
he __wait) for the bus for half an hour.
a. waiting, waiting b. is waiting, waited
c. is waiting, has waited d. waits, has waited
8. there __a talk about biology in our school next monday.
a. will has b. will h**e c. will be d. would be
9. my uncle __maths in that school two years ago.
a. teaches b. teach c. taught d. has taught
10. we __to the summer palace if it is fine this sunday.
a. went b. go c. going d. will go
11. i will tell him the news as soon as he __back.
a. comes b. come c. came d. will come
12. gina __to a party last night.
a. go b. to go c. going d. went
结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句， 即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语（+其他）
疑问代词：1) who:谁。做主语，用来指人 who is the boy under the tree?
2）whom 谁，做宾语，用来指人 whom are you writing to?
3) whose 谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词 whose pen is this?
4) which 哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择 which grils will in the sports meeting? which pen is lily’s?
5)what什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下 what can you see in the picture? what are you doing now?
疑问副词：1) when:何时，询问时间 when will she come back?
2) where何地，询问地点， where do you come from?
3) why为什么，询问原因， why are you late for school?
4) how 如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等 how do you usually go to school?
5) how old多大，询问年龄，how old is jim’s little brother?
6) how many/much多少，询问数量 how many birds are there in the tree?
7) how far多远，询问距离， how far is it form your home to school?
8) how long多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离 how long will you stay in beijing?
9) how often多长时间按一次，询问频率 how often do you go to see your grandparents?
10) how soon多久，询问时间 how soon will you come back?
频率副词：表示动作发生的频率，never, sometimes, often, usually, always.
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