unit 1 how can we become good learners?
part i just for fun !
part ii 引入:曾经我们眼里的 : 表示“方式”、“时间”
一、表示交通方式,意为“乘坐”,后接表示交通工具的名词(如 bus, bike, train, plane, car, taxi, ship等)或与交通工具密切相关的名词(如air, water, land, road等),在句中主要用作方式状语,其中通常不用冠词或其他限定词。 jim often goes to work by bike. 吉姆常骑自行车上班。
但是,若表示交通工具的名词前插有定语修饰语,则也可以用冠词。如: we’re going by the 9:
30 train. 我们坐9:30的火车去。
we went to shanghai by a large ship. 我们乘一艘大船去上海。 注意,汉语说“步行”,英语习惯上用on foot, 而不用 by foot。
注意以下表示方式的有用表达,其中不用冠词或其他限定词: by phone 用**by telegram 用电报 by letter 用信件 by express 用快件 by air mail 用航空邮件 by ordinary mail 用平信 by post 用邮寄 by radio 用无线电 by hand 用手工by machine 用机器
二、表示时间,意思是“在……以前;不迟于……”my mother will come back by 6:00. 我妈妈将在六点前回来。
part iii 的新面孔 by + v.-ing
一、by + v.-ing结构是初三的一个重点,该结构意思是“通过……,以……的方式”,后面常接v.-ing形式,表示“通过某种方式得到某种结果”,即表示行为的方式或手段。
i practice speaking english by joining an english-language club. 我通过加入一个英语语言俱乐部来练习讲英语。 mr li makes a living by driving taxis.
李先生靠开出租车为生。
介词by + v.-ing 结构常用来回答how do you...或how can i...
之类的问题。 —how do you learn english? 你怎样学习英语呢?
—i learn english by reading aloud. 我通过大声朗读来学英语。 —how can i turn on the computer?
我怎样才能打开电脑呢? —by pressing this button. 按这个按钮。
2、表示位置,意思是“在……旁边”,“靠近……”有时可与beside互换。 the girls are playing by (beside) the lake. 女孩们正在湖边玩。
此时要注意它与介词near有所不同,即by 表示的距离更“近”。
比较: he lives by the sea. 他住在海滨。 he lives near the sea. 他住在离海不远处。
) 1. i study math by __lots of exercises.
a. did b. doing c. do
) 2. _do you study for tests? i work with my friends.
a. how b. who c. when
) 3. what __reading aloud to practice pronunciation?
a. of b. about c. around
) 4. why don’t you __to cassettes?
a. listening b. listen c. listened
) 5. many students asked the teacher __the time of the test.
a. for b. to c. about
) 6. i got an a this term, so my teacher was __
a. impressed b. impressing c. impress
) 7. lucy thinks that __english movies isn’t a good way.
a. watch b. watched c. watching
) 8. when we practice english speaking, we often end up __in chinese.
a. speak b. spoken c. speaking
) 9. i read very slowly. i can’t spell some english words, _
a. too b. either c. neither
) 10. don’t laugh __others. you should help them when they are in trouble.
a. at b. to c. of
part iv 的另一张面孔
表示动词执行者,意思是“被;由”,主要用于被动语态,此时要注意它与介词with的区别:by 表示动作的主体,with 表示动作者的手段工具。如:
the house was destroyed by fire. 此屋被大火烧毁。(fire是动作的主体,此句的主动形式为fire destroyed the house.
) the house was destroyed with fire. 此屋是(被人)用火烧毁的。(fire只是工具,动作的主体另有其人,此句可认为省略了一个by短语,如by someone之类的,其主动形式可以是 someone destroyed the house with fire.
)介词with,in,through与by相同,也可以表示“通过(用)”,但有所区别。 ①with + 名词” ①表示用……工具(具体有形的工具)②(表材料或内容)以……,用……来填充 we see with our eyes and hear with our ears. 我们用眼睛看用耳朵听。
②in + 名词”表示“用……方式,用……原料或用……语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等;”。listen!they’re talking in english.
听!他们正在用英语交谈。 ③through + n.
”表示“通过某种方式、由于某种理由、穿过”,多强调作用或原因。 you can achieve success only through your hard work. 你只有通过努力工作才能获得成功。
用by, with, in填空
gets to school __bike.
is painting __a chinese brush.(毛笔)
don't know how to say "jiaozi" _japanese.
you can solve the problem __this way.
study english __practicing speaking it every day.
usually write __a pen.
can look and see __our eyes.
did you send the letterairmail or __ordinary mail?
caught(接住) the ball __his left hand. 他用左手接球。
wrote the letter __a pencil. 她用铅笔写那封信。
came here __his car.
came here __car.
the glass __wine. 把杯子装满酒。
window was broken __that naughty boy.窗户被那个淘气的男孩打破了。
15. the old man sat there __a basket beside her. 老人坐在那儿,身边放着一个篮子。
fell asleep___the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。
17. he sat there __his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。
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