unit 10 语法学练考。
一。 根据汉语完成单词。
1. many countries h**e their own习俗；风俗).
2. i和…..打招呼) tom’s mother in the wrong way.
3. in korea, people are应该) to bow when they meet for the first time.
4. teachers重视) their students’ grades.
5. he顺便拜访) by his friends last month.
6. his children all h**e such good礼貌).
7. we交换) address and christmas cards.
8. can you give me some建议) ?
9. we go to school every day除了……之外) sunday.
10. if you want to go abroad , you must bring your护照).
11. changchun lies in the北部的) part of china.
12. if you want to the northern海岸) of norway, you must wear warm clothes.
13. the book is值得) reading.
14. seoul is the首都) of korea.
15. do you know how to表现) well at school?
16. but基本的) problem is the same.
二、翻译下列句子并回答问题。
1. you are supposed to shake hands.
be supposed to do… 应该……被期望做……，当句子的主语是人时，它可以用来表示劝告，建议，义务，责任等，意思是 “to be expected to do sth，or to h**e to do sth.”
youthe teacher if you want to le**e the classroom.
如果你要离开教室，应该先问问老师。
wefootball on sunday.不准我们在星期日踢足球。
2. that’s how people in japangreet each other.
被期望做某事/应该要做某事。
eg. everyone in the classpart in the discussion.
希望全班同学参加讨论。
you willon saturdays. 你们星期六要上班。
3. so i make an effort to be on time when i meet my friends.
make an effort 做出努力。
i will make an effortstop) smoking.我要尽力戒烟。
you should make an effortimprove) your reading ability.
4. go somewhere 去某地 somewhere adv. 在某处；到某处。
eg i'm not going home yet. i h**e tofirst.
我还不准备回家，我要先去别的地方。
note: somewhere是副词， 前面不可用介词。
i didn'tin the neighbourhood. 我没有到附近什么地方去过。
5. 翻译：他们尽力使我感到宾至如归。
1) go out of one’s way 特地；格外努力。
john went out of his waymake) his girl friend happy.
约翰想方设法使他的女朋友高兴。
2) make sb. feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归。
i’m doing everything i can to make them feel at home.
我在尽我一切所能使他们感到宾至如归。
6. i’m very comfortablespeak) french now.
be comfortable doing sth. 做某事很轻松， 乐意做某事。
eg i feelcomfortabletalk) with you. 和你讲话感觉很舒服。
7. my biggest challenge is __learn) howbeh**e) at the dinner table.
learning how to beh**e at the table是现在分词短语，在此用作句子的表语。再如：
his main hobby isfish). 他的主要爱好是钓鱼。
the most important thing isget) there in time.最重要的事是及时到达那里。
8. i thought that was pretty strange at first, .
note : 1) pretty在这里是用作副词，意思是pretty作副词， 常用于口语，只可以修饰其他形容词或副词，能修饰动词。
i amthat he'll say yes. 他会同意的， 我对此相当有把握。
after six months, i could speak chinese6个月之后， 我就能讲相当好的汉语。
2) pretty adj. 漂亮的；秀丽的；好看的。
eg what aprettylittle garden! 多么漂亮的小花园！
she is not really beautiful, but she looksprettywhen she smiles.
pretty语气较beautiful弱，且大多用来指年轻的女性， 一般不用来描写成年男性。pretty 也可以用于男女儿童， 表示漂亮、活泼、可爱。
9. another example is that you’re not supposed to eat anything with your hand except bread, not even fruit.
note :except作介词，意为“除……之外”，和but意义相似，但语气上要比but更加强烈。
1) everyone is here except him.
2) we h**e classes except saturday and sunday.
通过观察例句1和例句2，我们可知except后可以跟 __和 __
3) i can take a holiday at any time except in september.
通过观察例句3，可知，except后也可跟。
4) he never came to visit except to borrow something.
5) he will do anything except lent you money.
通过观察例句4，可知except后可接意思是“除了做……”但在例句5中except后为“lend you money”，所以我们可知若except前含不定代词时，就要___
运用】将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。
1. 除了烹调，她别的都会干。
2. 我除了要通过考试之外，没有别的心愿。
辨析except，except for，unless和besides
except侧重于排除在外，从整体里减去：
all of his body relaxed except his right hand . 除了右手外，他全身都放松了。
except for表示“除了…; 只是…”,引述一个相反的原因或细节， 部分地修正了句中的意思：
the classrooms were silent, except for the scratching of pens on *****.
除了钢笔在纸上写字的声音，教室里一片安静。
we had fun in beijing except for the bad weather.
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