grammar：八大时态。
一般现在时。
1.表经常发生的事情、习惯性的动作。
it seldom rains here .
2.表内心活动感情等。
i don't think you are right.
3.陈述客观事实、客观真理。
the sun rises in the east .日出东方。
the earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。
ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八。
the united states lies by the west coast of the pacific ocean. 美国位于太平洋西岸。
birds fly in the sky.
4.表预定的行为。
the train le**es at 9 .
5.描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。
he can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。
that is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。
changjiang river is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
she majors in music .她主修**。
all my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。
my sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。
6. 主句为一般将来时， 时间或条件状语从句用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。
i'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。
if you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。
特殊用法：（一般现在时表示过去）
1. 用于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表示不确定的过去时间。如：
i hear that he got married last month. 我听说他上个月结婚了。
mary says you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这儿来的。
2. 当要陈述一个客观事实时，有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时。如：
the story is set in the summer of 1937. 故事的背景是2023年夏天。
the story begins in the year 1937. 故事开始于2023年。
基本结构： 一般现在时除主语是第三人称单数时谓语动词要变三单外，其他形式用动词原形。
i go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七点去上学。
summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。
the sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。
pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
实战演练：一．用动词的适当形式填空。
1. i likeswim).
english every day.
school at seven in the morning.
school at seven in the morning.
mother___like) _go) shopping.
二．用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1．iwrite) to you as soon as i __get) to london.
3. he __not __see) me come in, for heread) something with great interest.
4. ilet) you h**e the book as soon as ifinish) it.
5. while wewait) for our teacher, a little boyrun) up to us.
三．单项选择。
students will go to the summer palace if it __tomorrow.
't rainb. doesn't rainc. won't rain d. was going to rain
___an english film next week.
a. will h**eb. is going to h**e c. is going to be d. was going to be
picture __nice.
looking
t smoke until the plane __off.
takesaw her __the room this morning.
enterb. enteredc. enterd. enters
teacher asked us __to school on time.
a. to
is always __others.
a. helpb. helpingc. helpsd. to help
shall go to shanghai on business before you __back next week.
a. will come would come d. come
9. i __ping-pong quite well, but i h**en’t had time to play since the new year.
a. will playb. h**e playedc. playedd. play
10. the plane __at 7:00 so i h**e to be at the airport by 6:40 at the latest.
a. has leftb. is to le**ec. will h**e left d. le**es
一般过去时。
1.表过去发生的事情或存在的状态。
suddenly,the clouds cleared and the rain stopped.
2.表过去经常发生的事情。
i was very thin in my childhood.
3.常带有确定的过去的时间状语。
did you meet yesterday? he left just now.
4. 在宾语从句中，由于时态呼应的关系，要用一般过去时。
i didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。 (were实际上指现在)
i didn’t know you were so busy．我没想到你这么忙。 (were实际上指现在)
5. 若从句中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词仍用过去式。
he told me he read an interesting novel last night.
一般过去时基本结构：通常在动词原形后加-ed。
we often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。
he used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。
whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。
实战演练。一、写出下列动词的过去式。
is\amflyplantaredrink
playgomakedoesdance___
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