英语中有四大复合结构:
动词不定式的复合结构。
for sb to do sth )
please find some work for the children to do. (孩子们做工作)
the book is too difficult for me to read,我读不懂)
2.动名词的复合结构。
sb’s / sb doing sth)
his being late again made the teacher angry。
他迟到)would you mind my / me smoking here?
我抽烟)动名词复合结构不在句首时可以用“宾格加动名词”.
以上两种结构中,一个只能用不定式表示动作,一个只能用动名词;而在下面两个结构中,可以有多种词性的词表示动作或状态。
3.独立主格结构。
主格名词或代词+补足成分)
the work finished, we stopped for a drink。
分词)she looked angrily at the pretty girl, her face white and her eyes green.(形容词)
sword in hand, the man came at me.(介词短语)
独立主格结构在句子中做状语,表原因或伴随状态。
4.复合宾语。
宾语+宾语补足语)
his speech made us laugh。
不定式)when she woke up, she found herself in hospital.(介词短语)
i want the house painted white。
分词)don’tkeep the lights on all the night. (副词。这类副词还有:
here,there, home,back, off,away, out,in,up, down等)
we consider him one of our best friends。
名词)we found the movie wonderful.(形容词)
能够接复合宾语的动词可分为三类:
1).感官类,如:see, notice, watch,observe, hear,feel等。
意识类,如:believe, think, suppose, consider,wish等。
3).使动类,如:keep, le**e; make,h**e, let等。
除动词可以接复合宾语外,介词with也可以接复合宾语,在句子中做状语和定语。
the farmers found some stone with writing on it.(定语)
with a lot of work to do,he got up early and hurried to the workshop.(状语)
与动词一样,with复宾中的宾语补足语也可以由各种结构来充当。
英语语法with的复合结构用的较多,以下是用法:表伴随时,既可用分词的独立结构,也可用with的复合结构。
with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。
举例: he stood there, his hand raised.= he stood there,with his hand raise。
英语中四大复合结构
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