英语中四大复合结构

发布 2021-05-30 14:09:28 阅读 2734

英语中有四大复合结构:

动词不定式的复合结构。

for sb to do sth )

please find some work for the children to do. (孩子们做工作)

the book is too difficult for me to read,我读不懂)

2.动名词的复合结构。

sb’s / sb doing sth)

his being late again made the teacher angry。

他迟到)would you mind my / me smoking here?

我抽烟)动名词复合结构不在句首时可以用“宾格加动名词”.

以上两种结构中,一个只能用不定式表示动作,一个只能用动名词;而在下面两个结构中,可以有多种词性的词表示动作或状态。

3.独立主格结构。

主格名词或代词+补足成分)

the work finished, we stopped for a drink。

分词)she looked angrily at the pretty girl, her face white and her eyes green.(形容词)

sword in hand, the man came at me.(介词短语)

独立主格结构在句子中做状语,表原因或伴随状态。

4.复合宾语。

宾语+宾语补足语)

his speech made us laugh。

不定式)when she woke up, she found herself in hospital.(介词短语)

i want the house painted white。

分词)don’tkeep the lights on all the night. (副词。这类副词还有:

here,there, home,back, off,away, out,in,up, down等)

we consider him one of our best friends。

名词)we found the movie wonderful.(形容词)

能够接复合宾语的动词可分为三类:

1).感官类,如:see, notice, watch,observe, hear,feel等。

意识类,如:believe, think, suppose, consider,wish等。

3).使动类,如:keep, le**e; make,h**e, let等。

除动词可以接复合宾语外,介词with也可以接复合宾语,在句子中做状语和定语。

the farmers found some stone with writing on it.(定语)

with a lot of work to do,he got up early and hurried to the workshop.(状语)

与动词一样,with复宾中的宾语补足语也可以由各种结构来充当。

英语语法with的复合结构用的较多,以下是用法:表伴随时,既可用分词的独立结构,也可用with的复合结构。

with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。

举例: he stood there, his hand raised.= he stood there,with his hand raise。

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