1、构成形式：
with+宾语（名词或代词）+宾语补足语（形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词，六种补语简称形副介不现过）
2、功能：在句中作状语。
3、例句：with +宾语+形容词。
don’t sleep with the door and windows open.
不要开着门窗睡觉。
with +宾语+副词。
tiananmen square looks even more beautiful with all lights on.
所有的灯都亮着， 天安门广场显得更加漂亮。
with +宾语+介词短语。
the teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.
老师手中拿着一本书走进教室。
with +宾语+不定式(表将来)
with a lot of work to do, we h**e to be busy working day and night.
有这么多的工作要做，我们只得日夜忙碌。
with +宾语+v. –ing形式(表主动或进行)
with the boy leading the way, we had no trouble in getting to the station.
由这个男孩带路，我们很容易就到达了火车站。
with +宾语+过去分词(表过去或被动)
with all the work finished, they hurried back home for lunch.
所有的工作都做完了，他们匆忙回家吃午饭。
4、特殊说明：
with的一般结构或复合结构在句中除可以用作状语表示方式或伴随动作外，还可以用作定语。
the problem with this system is that poorer people don’t h**e the money to pay for private health insurance.
这种制度所存在的问题是穷人没有钱缴纳个人健康保险。
the teacher with a book in his hand is a new english teacher.
手里拿着一本书的那位老师是一位新来的英语老师。
一般地说，with复合结构省去with后，称为独立主格，二者区别不大。
the teacher entered the classroom, with a book in his hand.
the teacher entered the classroom, a book in his hand.
the teacher entered the classroom, book in hand.
体会以下区别。
with him leading the way, we had no trouble getting to the station.
he leading the way, we had no trouble getting to the station.
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