英语语法 代词

发布 2021-05-15 13:20:28 阅读 2274

代词。1,人称代词:主格——主语,表语(口语常用me代替i)

宾格——宾语,单独使用时,常用宾格做主语。

人称代词的排列顺序:

1)单数时:按2,3,1或3,2,1排列。

you,he and i are of the same age.

2)复数时,按1,2,3排列。

we,you and they are all good students.

3)第三人称男女两性排列时男先女后。

nobody agreed to this plan except him and her.

4)一群人中,有男女时则先称呼女性。

ladies and gentlemen,5)表示不吉祥之事时:

单数人称时:1,3,2排列。

i,he and you will be punished for being late.

复数人称时:3,2,1排列。

they, you and we should le**e there at once.

2.物主代词:形容词性物主代词——定语。

名词性物主代词——主语,宾语,表语。

3.反身代词——宾语,表语,同位语。

girl is too young to look after herself.

the other two are john and myself.

i went to the post office myself.

i went to the post office by myself.

常见短语:be onselfmake oneself at home

人)处于正常状态;显得自然不要客气,自便。

come to oneselfread oneself to sleep

苏醒过来,醒悟过来,恢复理性看书看睡着了。

devote oneself tospeak to oneself

专心于自言自语。

dress oneselfteach oneself

穿衣自学。enjoy oneselfwash oneself

使过得快乐洗澡。

express oneselfby oneself =alone

表达自己的想法独自地;单独地。

help oneselffor oneself =without other's help

自己来为自己;独立地;亲自地。

lose onselfof oneself

迷失自发地;自动地

4.相互代词——宾语,定语(所有格)each other,one another

we should learn from each other。

the students corrected one another's mistakes in their homework.

5.疑问代词——who,whom,whose,what,which

a.构成各种特殊疑问句。

b.引导名词性从句。

疑问代词的用法比较:

1)which & what

两者均可就人或物提问,但which一般用于有选择范围的情况,what用于无选择范围或不清楚选择范围的情况。

which would you like to eat---meat or fish?

what girls do you like best?

2)who & what

who多指姓名,关系等,what多指职业,地位等。

---who is he?--he is tom black.

---what is he?--he is an engineer.

3)who & which

who come from the northeast?

谁是东北人?(对人数未加限制)

which of you come from the northeast?

你们当中哪些人是东北人?(对人数有限制)

6.指示代词。

1)this,that,these,those

a.在句中作主语,宾语,定语和标语。

一般用来指时间和空间上较近的人或物;而that(those)常指时间和空间上较远的人或物。

一般指后面要提到的事物;而that(those)常指前面讲过的事物。

可指代前面提到过得短语,句子,从句,以免重复。

i tried to learn the poem by heart,but this was no easy task.

i'll pay you tomorrow. that'll satisfy you.

2)such—在句中可作主语,定语(such a),表语。

7.关系代词—who,whom,whose,that,which

8.不定代词。

& anysome+u.&c.(复) “一些”(用于肯定句)

some+c.(单某一”

some+数词大约”

some用于表邀请或请求的问句中,预期的答案是肯定的。

any+u.&c.(复一些”(用于否定句和疑问句中)

any+c.(单)/any of the+c.(复) “任何一个”

muchc.(a)few &(a)little quite a few

only a little

& both

侧重个体,可作主语,定语,表语和同位语。

every——侧重全体,“每个都”,在句子中只能作定语。

every day每天。

every two days 每隔一天。

every second day

every other day

every four days 每隔三天,每两天。

every fourth day

every few days 每隔几天。

否定句中如含有all,both,every,则表示部分否定。

& neither

g. no——作定语,修饰可数或不可数名词。

no one——用作名词,相当于nobody,只能指人,不接of短语。

none——用法相当于名词,指可数名词时,后接单/复数谓语,指不可数名词时,后接单数谓语。

i h**e no idea about it.

no one knows about it.

none of the money is mine.

none of the students h**e/has seen the film.

复数ones,所有格one's,反身代词oneself

只能代替可数名词,其前可加冠词(如a green one,the one in the corner)

i. it 同类同物。

one 同类异物,只代替可数名词,相当于a+n.复数为ones

that 同类异物,既可代替不可数名词,也可代替可数名词,相当于the+n复数为those。

your dress looks nice .when did you buy it? i'll buy one ,too.

the students in our class work much harder at english than those in their class.

j other “别的,其他的”,other+n(单、复数)

the other “(两者中的)另一,(两部分人或物中)其余的”

one。。。the other。。。

others 泛指另外一些人或物 some。。。others

the others 特指其余所有人或物=the rest

another “(在原有基础上)又一,再一”

another+n(单数),another+数词+n(复数)

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