代词。代词即代替名词、形容词和数词的词。它可以分为下列九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词、不定代词。
一人称代词英语中主要有以下这些人称代词：
注】1. 人称代词做主语时用主格，做宾语时用宾格。
在作表语时，用宾格较多，例如：who is knocking at the door? -it’s me.
但在强调结构中却常用主格：it was he who did it.
it is she who wants this clothes.
2. 在使用人称代词时有下面几点值得注意：
1）she可以用来代表国家，船只，大地，月亮等。
i think england will do what she promised to do.
2) 在并列的主语中，i总放在最后。
mary and i will be in charge of the case.
3) 第三人称，男女两性并用时，男先女后。
he and she still don’t agree to the plan.
二物主代词。
表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。）
英语中主要有下列这些物主代词：
注】1. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如：
our teacher is coming to see us. this is her pencil-box.
2. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。
our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语）
-- is this english-book yours? （作表语）
-- no. mine is in my bag.
i've already finished my homework. h**e you finished yours?（作宾语）
3. “of +名词性物主代词”可用作定语。
that car of hers is always breaking down.
her car is always breaking down.
三自（反）身代词。
注】1．这些词可用来：
1）作宾语：i can’t express myself in english.
2）作表语：i am not quite myself these days.
3）作主语或宾语的同位语：the theory itself is all right.
在作同位语时，自身代词常译作“本人”或“亲自”
they must make investigation themselves.他们必须亲自作调查。
2．反身代词的一些固定搭配：
look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己
teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 自学。
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快
help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）
hurt oneself 摔伤自己
say to oneself 自言自语
lose oneself in 沉浸于，陶醉于……之中。
le**e sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下
buy oneself sth. 给自己买……东西
introduce oneself 介绍……自己。
四、相互代词。
表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词。相互代词有each other 和one another两种形式。在当代英语中，each other和one another没有什么区别。
相互代词可在句中作宾语，定语。作定语用时，相互代词用所有格形式。
we should learn from each other / one another. （作宾语）
do you often write to each other / one another? （作宾语）
we often borrow each other's / one another's books. （作定语）
the students corrected each other's / one another's mistakes in their homework. （作定语）
五指示代词。
指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。
注】1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：
this is a pen and that is a pencil．we are busy these days．in those days the workers had a hard time．
2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物，例如：
i had a cold. that's why i didn't come. what i want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning english．
3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如：
television sets made in beijing are just as good as those made in shanghai．
4. this 在**用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如：
hello! this is mary. is that jack speaking?
六、疑问代词。
疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：
who is going to come here tomorrow? （作主语）
what is that? (作表语)
whose umbrella is this? (作定语)
whom are you waiting for? (作宾语)
七、关系代词：
关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词，常用在宾语从句中。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语，表语，宾语，定语。
在主句中，它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如：
i hate people who talk much but do little.
i’m looking at the photograph which you sent me with your letter.
with the money that he had s**ed, he went on with his studies.
do you know the lady who is interviewing our headmaster?
八、连接代词：
疑问代词都可以用作连接代词，来引起主语从句，宾语从句和表语从句。
it is not decided who will hold the meeting?
do you know whose pen it is?
the question is whom i should trust.
注】1、代词what有时可以用来表示the thing which这种意思。
what (the thing which) she lacks is experience.
we should never pretend to know what we don’t know. (这里常出现that这个迷惑项。)
2、who(m), which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和前面所提到的疑问代词一样，引导主从或宾从。（也就是whatever, whichever, whoever的用法）
whatever he did was right.
whoever makes mistakes must correct them.
九、不定代词：
不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，不定代词有：some, any， many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either…在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下：
1. some与any的区别。
1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词或可数名词（复数）。
look! some of the students are cleaning the library.
some rice in the bag has been sold out.
2）any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词或可数名词（复数）。
if you h**e any questions, please ask me.
there isn’t any orange in the bottle.
专题3代词讲解及练习
专题三代词。精讲常考知识。考点一人称代词。考点二物主代词。考点三反身代词。考点四指示代词。考点 定代词。考点六疑问代词。考点一人称代词。人称代词有人称 数和格的变化。人称代词。人称代词的主格通常用作主语，宾格则用作宾语或表语。i like table tennis.我喜欢乒乓球。作主语 do you...
代词讲解与练习
三 代词 定义 为了避免重复而用来代替名词的词，多数代词有名词和形容词的功能。1 代词的作用 严格地讲，代词是代替名词的，在句子中起名词的作用，可用作 1 主语例如 this is our new homewho is on the phone?2 宾语例如 take good care of yo...
代词讲解和练习
英语是小升初考试的必考科目，要想取得好的成绩必须认真备考小升初英语，为了帮助大家复习小升初英语，下面为大家带来小升初英语语法复习 代词讲解和练习，希望大家认真记忆。人称代词和物主代词。1 人称代词主格和宾格的区别 主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前 有时候位于than之后 宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2...