在高考英语中,动词的时态和语态是重中之重,试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时,注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。要了解几种时态的一些常规规则,答题时要研读题干,搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”,尤其要注意时态的呼应情况。
考点[1\\end', altimg': w': 24', h': 20', eqmath': a\\vs4\\al(1)'}一般现在时
一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理;表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词;在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来;表示预计或规定;方位副词或介词短语放在句首,主语是名词,且全部倒装时,用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作;还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。
练一练:用所给词的适当形式填空:
i'll go there after ifinish) my work.
the water will be further polluted unless some measurestake).
my trainle**e) at 6:30.
a snowexpect) to come next week.
on the wallhang) a picture.
this kind of clothwash) well.
don't take it away. itbelong) to me.
he said water___boil) at 100 ℃.
答案】①finish ②are taken ③le**es ④is expected ⑤hangs ⑥washes ⑦belongs ⑧boils
考点[2\\end', altimg': w': 23', h': 20', eqmath': a\\vs4\\al(2)'}一般过去时和现在完成时
一般过去时(标志词:yesterday,just now,last year,the other day等)表示动作发生在过去,和现在毫无关系。
现在完成时(标志词:since,in the past/last years,just,recent(ly),lately,so far=up to now=up until now=by now,already,yet,several/many/..times)则强调的是对现在的影响和结果,动作到现在刚完成或还在继续。
请区别下列几组句子:
he has lived in london for three years.(现在还住在伦敦)
he lived in london for three years.(现在不在伦敦了)
it's two years since he smoked.(他不抽烟已两年了)
it's two years since he began to smoke.(他抽烟已有两年了)
this is the first/second/..time (that) i h**e_visited the school.
this was the first/second/..time i had_visited the school.
he was writing a book last year.(去年他在写一本书)
he wrote a book last year.(去年他写了一本书)
i thought he was an american.(我原以为他是美国人)
i think he is an american.(我想他是美国人)
练一练:用所给词的适当形式填空:
—i h**en't seen you for ages. h**en't you graduated from college?
yes. i___study) english for four years in nanjing university.
whereyou___put) my book? i can't find it anywhere.
although he has lived with us for years,henot le**e) us much impression.
my brother is an actor. heappear) in several films in the past few years.
—li pin may not come tonight.
but hepromise).
答案】①studied ②h**e;put ③hasn't left ④has appeared ⑤promised
考点[3\\end', altimg': w': 24', h': 20', eqmath': a\\vs4\\al(3)'}过去完成时和将来完成时
过去完成时表示一件事情发生在过去,而另一件事情先于它发生(即表示“过去的过去”)。常用的时间状语有:by then,by that time,by the end of,before 2000,by the time,hardly/scarcely/rarely...
when...和no sooner...than...
注]表示原打算做但未做的几种表达:
i had hoped/expected/meant/intended/..to do...but...
i hoped/expected/..to h**e done...but...
i would like/love to h**e done...but...
i was to h**e done...but...
i was going to do...but...
i would h**e done...but...
i was coming/le**ing/arriving/..but...
将来完成时表示到将来某一时间,某一动作将会完成,常用的时间状语为“by+将来的某个时间”。如:they will h**e completed the project by the end of next year.
练一练:用所给词的适当形式填空:
helenle**e) her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husbandcome) home.
ihope) to meet mr. thompson this morning,but i found nobody left in the room.
by the time hereturn) home,the work had been finished.
by the time he returns home,the workfinish).
we plan to reach the north pole in mid-july,and by then wewalk) for six weeks.
答案】①had left;came ②had hoped ③returned; will h**e been finished ④will h**e walked
考点[4\\end', altimg': w': 24', h': 20', eqmath': a\\vs4\\al(4)'}现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成进行时和将来进行时
现在进行时表示现在正在进行的情况,计划、安排要做的事,还可以表示反复出现的动作,往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪,常与always,continually,constantly连用;
过去进行时表示过去某一刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作,还可以表示过去的将来动作;
现在完成进行时表示动作的未完成性和暂时性,还可以表示感**彩;
将来进行时表示将来某个时候或某段时间正在进行的动作。
练一练:用所给词的适当形式填空:
—h**e you moved into the new house?
not yet. the roomspaint).
my fatherfall) while heride) his bicycle andhurt) himself.
—why are her eyes red?
shecry).
hefly) over the atlantic at this time tomorrow.
高考英语 第七讲动词的时态和语态 语法精讲精练教师版
动词是英语中最灵活 最难掌握的词,在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。英语中的时态共有十六种,但是常考的或较常用的有十一种。见下表 一 一般现在时。1.表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用行为...
高考英语 第七讲动词的时态和语态 语法精讲精练教师版
动词是英语中最灵活 最难掌握的词,在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。英语中的时态共有十六种,但是常考的或较常用的有十一种。见下表 一 一般现在时。1.表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用行为...
高考英语 第七讲动词的时态和语态 语法精讲精练学生版
动词是英语中最灵活 最难掌握的词,在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。英语中的时态共有十六种,但是常考的或较常用的有十一种。见下表 一 一般现在时。1.表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用行为...