**英语**写作指导：联想有关词汇。
联想有关词汇。
当遗忘产生时，或遇到未曾学过的词时，应采取放射性思维，发挥想象力，想出一切与之有关的单词，利用语言的内在联系，多层次，多角度地运用语言。一般情况下，联想可按下列思路进行：1联想同义词；2联想反义词。
英语语言中众多的同义词在许多情况下是可以通用的。利用这一规律，由于某个单词受阻而影响全篇写作的情况便不会出现。试看下列句子：
i had a nightmare last night. =i had a bad dream last night.
nightmare使用频率不太高，因此不太好记。而其同义词bad dream 却很容易记。以后者取代前者丝毫不影响原句的意义。
再比如：i don't understand this word. 也可以说成 i don't know this word.
另外：he is stupid. =he is foolish. =he is a fool. =he is silly.
the food is delicious. =the food is tasty. =the food is nice to eat.
they discontinued the work at five. =they stopped the work at five.
his temper is nasty. =his temper is terrible. =he has a bad temper.
英语语言中词与词之间是有联系的，词与词之间语义的“共核”现象即所谓的同义词。丰富的同义词给我们提供了极大的方便。
同样，用其反义词来取代某一遗忘了的词也是可行的，请看下面的例子：
he is stubborn. =he is not tame.
the knife is blunt. =the knife is not sharp.
this is expensive. =this is not cheap.
she is talkative. =she is never quiet.
**英语**考试非谓语动词复习。
1. do you feel like___today?
a. h**ing something eaten
b. h**ing something to eat
c. to h**e something eaten
d. to h**e something to eat
答案】b feel like doing sth：想要做某事，固定搭配。h**e sth.
to eat吃点儿东西。因此b为正确答案。本句的意思为：
“今天想吃点什么？”
2. you don't know about the difficulty i had __the work then at all.
a. done b. to do c. for doing d. in doing
答案】b此题考查的是固定用法h**e difficulty (in) doing sth，属于对动名词用法的考察。
know it's not important, but i can't help __about it.
a. to think b. and think c. thinking d. being thought
答案】't help doing禁不住做某事。我知道这不重要，但是禁不住还是想着它。
4. sandy could do nothing but __to his teacher that he was wrong.
a. admit b. admitted c. admitting d. to admit
答案】a.姗迪只能向老师承认他错了。do nothing but do只能做某事。
5. the party they invited us to turned out __a great success.
a. to be b. like c. as d. to do
答案】a.他们邀请我们参加的那个晚会很成功。turn out to be结果是。
1. i am considering __my job as i’m not getting on well with my boss.
a. changing b. to change c. changed d. to be changed
答案】a consider后面接动名词做宾语，表“考虑做某事”;consider sb./sth. to do表“认为”。
因此a为正确答案。本句的意思是：“我正在考虑换工作，因为我和老板关系不太好。
”如：we are considering learning a foreign language.我们正在考虑学一门外语。
2. charles babbage is generally considered __the first computers.
a. to invent b. inventing c. to h**e invented d. h**ing invented
答案】c此题考查的是非谓语动词中不定式的用法。be considered/said/ believed to do 表示：据认为/据说/据相信做……，而后面的动作若已经发生，则用完成时表示，故选to h**e invented.
3. mary regretted __to john’s birthday party last sunday.
a. not going b. not to go c. not h**ing been going d. not to be going
答案】a。regret后面要跟动名词做宾语，动名词的否定式是在动名词之前直接加not。
4. i regret __you that we are unable to offer you a job.
a. in forming b. h**ing informed c. to inform d. to informing
答案】c。regret to do sth.遗憾做某事。我很遗憾的告诉你我们不能给你这份工作。
5. in some parts of london, missing a bus means __for another hour.
a. waiting b. to wait c. wait d. to be waiting
答案】a。means doing意味着。在伦敦的某些地方，错过汽车意味着再等一个小时。
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