第二讲英语语法填空解题方法与技巧。
1. 通读全文,把握大意。
既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法,那么,我们在解题前,应快速浏览短文,把握全文大意,这一步非常重要。
2. 结合语境,试填空格。
读懂短文之后,要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境,从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性,再根据句子的结构和意义,以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体来说,可按设题类型分为三类情况:
1)纯空格试题的解题技巧。
首先,分析句子结构,确定填哪类词。然后,再根据句子的意思,确定具体填什么词;或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。
2)给出了动词的试题的解题技巧。
首先,判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。
若句中没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;若是谓语动词,就要考虑时态语态。
若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式,还是用不定式形式,3)、词类转换题的解题技巧。
根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有:
技巧1:作表语、定语或补语,通常用形容词形式。如:
例1] the youngster immediately fellsilence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.
例2] in adanger) part of the sea off the coast of new zealand, they learnt to…
技巧2:作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语,用名词形式。如:
例3] these people h**e made great __39___contribute) to china with their work.
例4] …instructors expect students to be familiar with __32___inform) in the reading…
技巧3:在形容词性物主代词后,或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后,用名词形式。如:
例5] it is difficult to find out thesimilar) between the two countries.
例6] with hispatient), i made great progress in english.
技巧4:修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式。如:
例7] as i looked __32___close) at this girl, i fount that…
例8] there must be something __40___serious) wrong with our society.
技巧5:括号中所给动词不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词,而是考词类转换;若是形容词或副词,有可能是考查其比较等级。如:
例9]…there was a lot of information about the city’s well-known tourist __34___attract)…
例10]the other frog went on jumping as hard as he could…he jumped even __36___hard) and finally made himself out
3. 重读全文,解决难题。
在解题过程中要先易后难,难题在大部分空格填好后,再经过仔细推敲,难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后,把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。
专项练习。1. he has a sense ofhumorous).
2. recentstudy) show that smoking is bad to our health.
3. that’s a goodsuggest).
4. whenever i made mistakes, the teacher pointed out them withpatient).
6. when she was in paris, she developed atasty) for fine art.
7. this is what is happening in ourlife).
8. my mother would sit by the window, watching the fallingleaf) from the trees.
9. dogs can offerprotect)from thieves.
10. while there are amazing stories of immediate change, for most of us, thechange) are little by little and require a lot of efforts.
11. -how can i take the medicine?
-- just follow theinstruct).
12. young people make their parents angry with theirchoose) in clothes and music.
13. to theiramaze), the car had been returned.
14. after thedead) of qu yuan, people went to miluo river to mourn over the great poet they loved so much.
15. college students aregrown-up) and it’s their rights to choose the way to live.
阅读下面短文,根据上下文填入适当的词语,或用括号中的词语的适当形式填空:
a proverb says, “time is money”. but in my opinion, time is even 1 precious than money. why?
_2__ when money is spent, we can earn it back. however, when time is __3__,it will never return.
__4__ is known to all that the time we can use is limited. therefore we should make __5__ use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in __6__ future.
but it is a pity that there are a lot of people __7__ do not realize the value of time. they __8__their precious time smoking, drinking and playing.
in a word, we should form the good habit of __9__ s**e) time. do not put off what can be done today __10__ tomorrow.
1. 根据语法知识进行填充。
第1题,由than可知,precious要用比较级,多音节形容词的比较级在前面加more,故此题答案为more。
第7题,因there are…是个句子,do not…应是一个定语从句,缺主语,先行词是人,应填who。
2. 根据逻辑关系进行填充。
就是根据上下文的逻辑关系来解题。
第2题,因前句用why提问,应当用because来回答,故此题答案是because。
3. 根据语篇标志进行填充。
语篇是指比单个句子长的语言单位(句群、段落、篇章等)。语篇间往往有标明内在联系的词,我们称这些词为“语篇标志词”。如表示结构层次的有first, second, third, finally等;表示逻辑关系的有thus,therefore,so等;表示转折关系或变换话题的有however, but, by the way等。
“语篇标志词”对迅速理清文章的脉络,弄清上下文关系很有帮助。
第3题,由表示转折的however可知,是指当时间失去的时候,表示“失去”是gone。
第5题,由表示结果的therefore可知,应充分利用时间,故用形容词full或good来修饰名词use。
4. 根据固定词组进行填充。
熟练掌握一些常见的词组,如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulate...on...devote...
to...earn one’s living, keep one’s word, make up one’s mind等,对解题很有帮助。
第6题,表示“在将来”是固定词组in the future。
5. 根据句型搭配进行填充。
就是根据一些常用的句型搭配,如so/such...that...it is...
for sb.) to do sth., there is no doubt that...
there is no sense in doing sth.等来解题。
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