高考英语语法填空解题技巧

发布 2021-03-31 15:22:28 阅读 6548

题型解读:一篇左右的短文。

5-7个空白根据给出单词的正确形式填空。

3-5个根据上下文填写空白处所需内容。

能力考查:理解语篇、句子结构、

运用语法、单词拼写。

语法填空的考点或考查内容是:

1)纯空格题:通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。一个空格只能填一个单词。

2)用括号中所给词填空:通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填1,2,3个单词。

一有提示词类试题的答题要诀。

一)给出了动词的试题的解题技巧。

首先,判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。

技巧1:1)看位置。在主语后与主语构成主谓结构,那么填谓语动词,要考虑时态语态以及主谓一致。

2)看是否有并列连词and, but, so等做标志,做并列谓语。

例句1:his fear of failurekeep) him from classroom games that other children played with joy.

解析:因主语his fear of failure 后没有别的谓语动词,需填的动词应为谓语动词;因主语与keep是主动关系,应用主动语态;由从句谓语动词played 可知,要用一般过去时,故填kept.

例句2:1 that was completely not a good idea ,so i politely refused her invitation, 40 (close) my book and walked away.

解析:虽然句中已有谓语动词refused,但由and walked可知,所填词与refused和walked是并列关系,所以也用一般过去式closed。

牛刀小试1:

1 my brothersucceed) in winning the election last week.

2 more than 2,000 people areemploy).

3 the first card __design) by the boy last week

4 mr. smith stood uppick) up his book and left.

技巧2若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式,还是用不定式形式。(to do/ to be done)

确定方法如下:

ving形式表主动,进行。或作主语;宾语

ved形式表被动,完成。

to do形式表主动,将来,例句1:it is important for uslearn) english.

解析:句中有谓语动词is, it是形式主语,后面用不定式作真正的主语。所以填to learn.

例句2take) exercise is of great benefit to us.

解析:句中有谓语动词is, 所以take应为非谓语;分析句子成分,作主语,表示一般情况,要用动名词。故填taking.

例句3catch) the first bus, he got up early.

解析:句中有谓语动词got up, 所以catch 应为非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析,作状语,表目的,故要用不定式而且主动的,to catch.

例句4:the teacher entered the classroomfollow) by some students.

解析:句中已有谓语entered, 而follow又不是与之并列的,故为非谓语动词;又因为the teacher 与follow 是被动关系,故用过去分词作伴随状语,followed.

例句5:he saw the stonesay) to himself, “the night will be dark”.

解析:句中已有谓语saw, 且没有并列连词构成并列谓语,所以,所给动词应当是非谓语;又因he和say是主动关系,故填saying 作伴随状语。

例句6:lessons __learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.

解析:因句中已有谓语can help, 所以learn 应为非谓语动词;又因lesson与learn 是被动关系,要用过去分词短语作后置定语,故填learned.

牛刀小试2:

1 the teacher walked aroundinspect).

2 sorry, i can’t go with you. i’msuffer) from a serious headache.

3 with time __go) by , he has explored more and more fields

4host) the olympics games is also a great responsibility.

5 we all want to h**e the problemsolve) in a peaceful way.

6 he can’t say a wordpoint) at the notice on the wall angrily.

7 the filmbase) on the novel is so interesting.

8 the gamedesign) for children to develop their interest in maths is popular with the kids.

9 __see) the big snake, the little girl was frightened.

10ask) why he stole the book, he kept silent.

二词类转换题的解题技巧。

一)作表语,定语或补语,通常用形容词形式

根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。

例句1:the boy immediately feltsilence) when he heard the bad news.

解析:因在系动词felt后作表语,用形容词,故填silent。

例句2:if diseased tissue is found ,a __power) laser(激光) can be used to burn it away…

解析:在冠词与名词之间,要用形容词,作定语,故填powerful。

例句3:teachers must try their best to make most of their studentsinterest) in the subject

解析:因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语,用形容词;表示“感兴趣的”,填interested。

牛刀小试3:1 mike was arely) man and i think you can rely

on him.

2 he can’t stand (忍受) people who arecruelty)

3 tom made his motheranger) because of his

rudeness.

二)作主语、及物动词或介词后宾语,在冠词、形容词性物主代词后,或“冠词+形容词”后,用名词形式;有时需要注意名词复数。

例句 1: john snow was able to announce with certainty (certain).

2:on december 10, the anniversary of the death (die) of nobel

3: recognizing your bad eating habits is of great importance (important) in correcting the beh**ior.

牛刀小试4:1 they carried the children tosafe)

2 i hold thebelieve) that we can overcome the

difficulties.

3 on hisarrive), he was given a warm welcome.

三)修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式

例句 1 sadly (sad) the library had moved from its original place into another building. (副词修饰整个句子)

2 by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly (swift) (所给词修饰动词move)

牛刀小试5:1 he looked calm, butactual) he was nervous.

2 mother has not yet recovered from the serious illness, but her health is improvinggradual) day by day.

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