题型解读:一篇左右的短文。
5-7个空白根据给出单词的正确形式填空。
3-5个根据上下文填写空白处所需内容。
能力考查:理解语篇、句子结构、
运用语法、单词拼写。
语法填空的考点或考查内容是:
1)纯空格题:通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。一个空格只能填一个单词。
2)用括号中所给词填空:通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填1,2,3个单词。
一有提示词类试题的答题要诀。
一)给出了动词的试题的解题技巧。
首先,判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。
技巧1:1)看位置。在主语后与主语构成主谓结构,那么填谓语动词,要考虑时态语态以及主谓一致。
2)看是否有并列连词and, but, so等做标志,做并列谓语。
例句1:his fear of failurekeep) him from classroom games that other children played with joy.
解析:因主语his fear of failure 后没有别的谓语动词,需填的动词应为谓语动词;因主语与keep是主动关系,应用主动语态;由从句谓语动词played 可知,要用一般过去时,故填kept.
例句2:1 that was completely not a good idea ,so i politely refused her invitation, 40 (close) my book and walked away.
解析:虽然句中已有谓语动词refused,但由and walked可知,所填词与refused和walked是并列关系,所以也用一般过去式closed。
牛刀小试1:
1 my brothersucceed) in winning the election last week.
2 more than 2,000 people areemploy).
3 the first card __design) by the boy last week
4 mr. smith stood uppick) up his book and left.
技巧2若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式,还是用不定式形式。(to do/ to be done)
确定方法如下:
ving形式表主动,进行。或作主语;宾语
ved形式表被动,完成。
to do形式表主动,将来,例句1:it is important for uslearn) english.
解析:句中有谓语动词is, it是形式主语,后面用不定式作真正的主语。所以填to learn.
例句2take) exercise is of great benefit to us.
解析:句中有谓语动词is, 所以take应为非谓语;分析句子成分,作主语,表示一般情况,要用动名词。故填taking.
例句3catch) the first bus, he got up early.
解析:句中有谓语动词got up, 所以catch 应为非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析,作状语,表目的,故要用不定式而且主动的,to catch.
例句4:the teacher entered the classroomfollow) by some students.
解析:句中已有谓语entered, 而follow又不是与之并列的,故为非谓语动词;又因为the teacher 与follow 是被动关系,故用过去分词作伴随状语,followed.
例句5:he saw the stonesay) to himself, “the night will be dark”.
解析:句中已有谓语saw, 且没有并列连词构成并列谓语,所以,所给动词应当是非谓语;又因he和say是主动关系,故填saying 作伴随状语。
例句6:lessons __learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.
解析:因句中已有谓语can help, 所以learn 应为非谓语动词;又因lesson与learn 是被动关系,要用过去分词短语作后置定语,故填learned.
牛刀小试2:
1 the teacher walked aroundinspect).
2 sorry, i can’t go with you. i’msuffer) from a serious headache.
3 with time __go) by , he has explored more and more fields
4host) the olympics games is also a great responsibility.
5 we all want to h**e the problemsolve) in a peaceful way.
6 he can’t say a wordpoint) at the notice on the wall angrily.
7 the filmbase) on the novel is so interesting.
8 the gamedesign) for children to develop their interest in maths is popular with the kids.
9 __see) the big snake, the little girl was frightened.
10ask) why he stole the book, he kept silent.
二词类转换题的解题技巧。
一)作表语,定语或补语,通常用形容词形式
根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。
例句1:the boy immediately feltsilence) when he heard the bad news.
解析:因在系动词felt后作表语,用形容词,故填silent。
例句2:if diseased tissue is found ,a __power) laser(激光) can be used to burn it away…
解析:在冠词与名词之间,要用形容词,作定语,故填powerful。
例句3:teachers must try their best to make most of their studentsinterest) in the subject
解析:因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语,用形容词;表示“感兴趣的”,填interested。
牛刀小试3:1 mike was arely) man and i think you can rely
on him.
2 he can’t stand (忍受) people who arecruelty)
3 tom made his motheranger) because of his
rudeness.
二)作主语、及物动词或介词后宾语,在冠词、形容词性物主代词后,或“冠词+形容词”后,用名词形式;有时需要注意名词复数。
例句 1: john snow was able to announce with certainty (certain).
2:on december 10, the anniversary of the death (die) of nobel
3: recognizing your bad eating habits is of great importance (important) in correcting the beh**ior.
牛刀小试4:1 they carried the children tosafe)
2 i hold thebelieve) that we can overcome the
difficulties.
3 on hisarrive), he was given a warm welcome.
三)修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式
例句 1 sadly (sad) the library had moved from its original place into another building. (副词修饰整个句子)
2 by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly (swift) (所给词修饰动词move)
牛刀小试5:1 he looked calm, butactual) he was nervous.
2 mother has not yet recovered from the serious illness, but her health is improvinggradual) day by day.
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