介词with用法介词英语语法

发布 2021-04-10 19:44:28 阅读 9465

with是一个十分有用的介词,其用法也比较复杂,以下用法值得注意:

1.表示方式、手段或工具等时(=以,用),注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错搭配,如用英语习惯上用inenglish,而不是withenglish。

2.与某些抽象名词连用时,其作用相当于一个副词。如:

with care=carefully认真地with kindness=kindly亲切地with joy=joyfully高兴地with anger=angrily生气地with sorrow=sorrowfully悲伤地with ease=easily容易地with delight=delightedly高兴地。

with great fluency =very fluently很流利地。

3.表示条件时,根据情况可与虚拟语气连用。如:

with more money i would be able to buy it.要是钱多一点,我就买得起了。

with better equipment, we could h**e finished the job even sooner.要是设备好些,我们完成这项工作还要快些。

4.比较with和as:两者均可表示随着,但前者是介词,后接名词或代词;后者是连词,用于引导一个句子。比较:

he will improve as he grows older.随着年龄的增长,他会进步的。people’s ideas change with the change of the times.

时代变了,人们的观念也会变化。

5.复合结构with+宾语+宾语补足语是一个很有用的结构,它在句中主要用作状语,表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等;其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等。如:

(1) with+宾语+形容词。

he often sleeps with the windows open.他常开着窗睡觉。don’t speak with your mouth full.

不要满嘴巴食物说话。(2) with+宾语+副词。

he stood before his teacher with his head down.他低着头站在老师面前。

he was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.他和衣躺在床上。(3) with +宾语+介词短语。

she said good-bye with tears in her eyes.她含着眼泪说了声再见。the man was asleep with his head on his arms.

这个人头枕着胳膊睡着了。

4) with+宾语+现在分词。

he fell asleep with the lamp burning.他没熄灯就睡着了。i won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.

因为妈妈有病,我无法去度假。

5) with +宾语+过去分词。

he sat there with his eyes closed.他闭目坐在那儿。

all the afternoon he worked with the door locked.整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。

6) with +宾语+动词不定式。

i can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.要洗这些衣服,我无法出去了。

with such good cadres to carry out the party’s policy we feel safe.有这样的好干部执行党的政策,我们感到放心。(7) with +宾语+名词。

he died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl.他去世时,女儿还是个小学生。

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