学必求其心得,业必贵于专精。
raise;
keep;support;
feed这四个词都有“抚养”、“养家”、“赡养"的意思,但也有区别。
raise意为“抚养(指人);饲养(指动物或禽畜)”之意。如:
he raised the children himself;his wife died years ago.
他的妻子多年以前就去世了,他一手把孩子拉扯大。
he raised those goats from new—born kids.那些羊从小羊羔时就是他喂养的。
keep表示“养活(指人);饲养(指动物或禽畜)"。如:
john has his wife and six children to keep(support).约翰要养活妻子和六个孩子。
they kept some hens and pigs.他们养了一些鸡和猪。
support意为“养活”,不用于饲养动物。如:
she supports her old mother.她赡养老母亲。
he has a large family to support.他要养活一大家子。
feed意为“喂。
养。饲养;以……为食”。如:
h**e you fed the baby/cow yet?婴儿/牛喂了吗?
she fed meat to her dog.=she fed her dog with/on meat.她用肉喂狗。
foxes feed on small animals.狐狸以小动物为食。
rather than/would rather(…than)
rather than是连词,前后两端所连的词性是一致的,通常译为“而不是”或“与其说是……不如说是",有时可用短语介词instead of替代。例如:
he was writing a letter rather than=(instead of)reading the news*****.他那时正在写信而不在看报纸。
john should go rather than=(instead of)jean.应该去的是约翰,而不是简。
these shoes are comfortable rather than pretty.这些鞋子谈不上漂亮,但穿起来倒很舒服。
evans is a doctor rather than a teacher.与其说埃文斯是个老师,不如说是个医生。
would rather表示选择或主观上的愿望,其中的would亦可理解为had。它表示“宁愿、宁可”的意思。如果要把取舍的双方都表达出来,则应该用would(or:
had)rather…than,表示“宁愿……也不……”的意思。例如:
my aunt invited me to the film, but i said i’d rather go on a picnic with the girls.
我的姑妈邀请我去看电影,可是我说我倒愿意跟女孩子们一起去野餐。
i am sure they would(or:had)rather die than give up.我深信他们一定会宁死不屈。
refer to; refer…to◇
refer to意为①“谈及”,“提到";②查阅”,“参考”.如:
you are the very person i referred to just now.你正是我刚才所指的人。
please refer to the map of the city when you first drive here.
当你第一次在这儿驾驶时,请参看市政地图。
refer…to意为①“把……提交给”,“把……归功于”②“让……处理/查找”,可用于被动语态。如:
the dispute was referred to the united nations.争端被提交联合国解决。
he referred me to the notes.他建议我参看一下注释。
we referred our great development to the correct leadership of the party.
我们把我们所取得的巨大发展归功于党的正确领导。
reply;answer
二者均可表示“回答”,可作名词和动词。answer为一般用语,主要用于对问题、指责等的回答;reply的用法较正式,多用于对问题作出解释、辩论或陈述性回答。二者作名词时都指“……的答案或答复",均与。
to连用。例如:
answer this question.回答这个问题。
i asked her the reason, but she didn’t reply.
我问她为什么,她却不回答。
i received no reply/
answer to my request.
我的要求没有收到任何答复。
answer后面可直接跟宾语,而reply跟宾语时须与。
to连用;answer可表示对**、敲门等作出的“应答",reply则不能。例如:
you must reply to/answer this letter right away.
你应当马上回复这封信。
who answered the telephone?
谁接的**?
如果是指练习题的“答案”,一般用。
answer.例如:
the answer to 6×10 is 60.
6乘以10的答案是60.学必求其心得,业必贵于专精。
reporter;
journalist◇
reporter=news reporter“新闻记者”,特指外出采访的记者。◇
journalist“记者”泛指新闻工作者,如报纸的编辑、采访记者、摄影记者都可以叫journalist。
road/street/way/path◇
road意为“路”,“道路”,指供车辆或人通过的广阔平坦的大道,常指“公路”,“马路”等,两侧一般没有建筑物。例如:
jim and li lei meet on the road.吉姆和李雷在路上相遇。
the car is running along the road.汽车沿着这条路行驶。
street指城镇、乡村两旁有建筑物的“街道"。“在街上"可以说on the street,也可以说in the street,前者是美国英语,后者是英国英语。例如:
go along the street,and take the third turning on the right.沿着大街走,在第三个路口往右拐。there are many shopsin the street.
街上有许多商店。
way意为“道路”,指street,road或任何可以通行的路,含义较抽象。口语中问路时常用way。way还可指路程距离。例如:
how can i get there?
i don't know the way.
我怎么能到达那里?我不知道路。
i asked the way to the station.我打听去车站的路。
it was a long way from here.
它离这儿很远。
path通常指“小路、小径”,只供人行走的路,可以是人们践踏而成的路,如山中、林间的羊肠小道;也可以指公园、田间的小路,还可以指供人或事物移动的“路线”等。例如:
they walked along the path across the field.他们沿着穿越田野的路走去。
room;place;space
room有两层含义,一为“房间",是可数名词;二表示人或物体所占的“空间或场所”、处事的“余地”等意思,是不可数名词,可用little,much,no,plenty等词修饰。可构成make room for给……让出地方;take up room占地方;le**eroom for留出空间给……等短语。
place指人们从事各种活动的“地方,场所,位置",是可数名词,常用的短语有take one's place就坐,入席;in place在适当的位置。
space意为“空间",是不可数名词,表示万物存在之处;作“空隙、空白"解时,是可数名词。
exercises]
1.there isn't___
in the classroom for thirty desks.
2.wuhan’s a hot___
in summer.
3.there is___
in improvement in your work.
answer: 1.space/room2.place3.room
run away/run after/
run through◇
run away意为“逃走;逃跑;溜掉”等。◇
run after意为“追赶;追逐;寻找;搜寻”等。◇
run through意为“穿过;流过”等。
exercises]
the dogthe hare(野兔)now.
the riverthe village.
when the policeman arrived,the thief.
keys:①is running after②runs through③had run away)
run out; run out of◇
run out of表示“某人用完某物”,相当于及物动词,后面可接宾语,并可用于进行时。如: we are running out of fuel.我们的燃料快用完了。
2run out指“某物用完了”,为不及物动词,不能用于被动语态。如:
the fuel was rapidly running out.燃料很快就要用完了。
time is running out.时间快到了。
2019届高考英语高频词汇举例解析 19
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vast huge 两者都是形容词,意思是 巨大的 庞大的 在强调面积和范围的宽广或博大时,用vast 指体积或容量等方面 巨大 超过一般标准 时,用huge。如 this area is covered in vast forests 这个地区被一片广阔无垠的森林覆盖。that s a huge ...