写作练习资料（一）
一）1. 结构： 条理清楚，段落宜适中，不宜太长。一般来说，作文的结构为：
三段式四段式。
para 1 introduction introduction
para 2 argument+ support evidence argument + support evidence
para 3 conclusion argument + support evidence
para 4 conclusion
在表达观点时，要记住一点，should之类不应用得太多，因为你是在阐述一个观点，这是主观的，不要太绝对，如果换作是中文，你一讲就是“你应该怎么样”？ 读者会觉得，你在强迫他接受你的观点，可以用一些be likely to or may/might。
2. 连词，副词和短语的运用： 在有清晰的结构之后，要有连词把各个段落、句与句之间有机联结在一起。
比如连词：hence; 副词：dramatically; 短语：
be likely to
3. 用词的多样性。 常用的单词可多记几个同义词，这样在文章中读起来更舒服些。
比如可能， may, perhaps, be likely to； 因此hence, thus, consequently, as a result. 重要important, vital, crucial 。
二）写作中常用的连接词。
表递进 in addition; and; as well as; besides (this/ that); furthermore; moreover; also; not only…but also; even
表层次 first(ly); initially; second(ly); to begin with; then; next
表结果 as a result; thus; therefore; consequently; then; hence
表转折 however; on the other hand; in spite of; despite; though; although; but; on the contrary; otherwise; whereas
表肯定 obviously; certainly; of course; undoubtedly
表条件 if; unless; whether; provided that; for; so that; depending on
表定义 refer to; mean; that is; consist of
表原因 since; as; so; because (of); due to; owing to
表次序 before; until; meanwhile; at the moment; when; as soon as; just as
表总结 in conclusion; in summary; to sum up; in short; briefly; in brief
表举例 for instance/example; such as
表对比 while; in contrast to; unlike; whereas; different from; on the other hand
表比较 similarity; as…as; just as; in the same way; like; to h**e in common
三）作文模板。
1．以利与弊为重心的写作模板。
1）三段式。
para 1 introduction (对题目内容的说明)
with the rapid development of … information technology/ economy/ people’s living standard),
para 2 advantages and disadvantages and support evidence
as the old saying goes, every coin has two sides/ however，everything divides into two. this is not an exception. it also has its advantages and disadvantages.
on the one hand, it has advantages. firstly, …argument+ support evidence). secondly, …argument+ support evidence).
on the other hand, it also has disadvantages. firstly, …argument+ support evidence). secondly, …argument+ support evidence)
para 3 conclusion (可以直接重复前文所阐述过的东西； 也可以加上自己的观点)
in short, …has both its advantages and disadvantages. but i think…
2）四段式。
para 1 introduction (对题目内容的说明)
with the rapid development of … information technology/ economy/ people’s living standard), as the old saying goes, every coin has two sides/ however，everything divides into two. this is not an exception. it also has its advantages and disadvantages.
para 2 advantages and support evidence
on the one hand, it has advantages. firstly, …argument+ support evidence). secondly, …argument+ support evidence).
para 3 disadvantages and support evidence
on the other hand, it also has disadvantages. firstly, …argument+ support evidence). secondly, …argument+ support evidence).
para 4 conclusion (可以直接重复前文所阐述过的东西； 也可以加上自己的观点)
in short, …has both its advantages and disadvantages. but i think…
2. 以我的观点为重心的写作模板(主要是三段式)
para 1 introduction (对题目内容的说明)
with the rapid development of … information technology/ economy/ people’s living standard),
there is a (public/ general/ heated/ impassioned) debate/ discussion/ controversy nowadays over/ on / concerning the issue/ problem of … those who criticize/ oppose/ object to … contend/ argue that … they believe that … but people who advocate/ f**or/ are for …,on the other hand, maintain/ assert that …
now it is commonly/ generally/ widely believed/ held/ accepted/ recognized that …some people are of the opinion that …/some people hold the belief/ view that …/many people h**e the idea that … however, many others disagree that … both sides of the question of whether …are well supported by sound reasons.
para 2 state your standpoint (for or against); explanation to your standpoint and support evidence
可以在第一段末就表明自己的观点，也可以在第二段开头表明自己的观点。可以采用如下套句：
1. personally, i side with the former/ latter opinion.
2. personally, i stand on the side of …
3. as far as i am concerned, i am in f**or of the opinion that …
4. for my part, i completely agree with the former/ latter.
5. i fully agree with the statement that …
there are three reasons for this. /the reasons for this are as follows. /the reason for this is obvious.
/the reason for this is that...we h**e good reason to believe that...the reasons are chiefly as follows.
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