重庆学位英语语法考点。
有关名词、代词做主语数的考点(主谓一致)
英语中,名词与代词做主语与谓语在数应该保持一致,但在实际应用中很容易被忽视,尤其是主语和谓语之间出现分隔,故考试中经常考到主谓一致,现将主谓一致的考点归纳如下:
考点一:复数原则:两个或者两个以上的名词由and连接作主语时,或主语由both … and …连接时,谓语动词一般用复数。资料**:31省市学位英语网(学位英语门户网)
如:both reading and writing are very important.(读写都很重要。
)注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。(考查重点)例如:
the iron and steel industry is very important to our life.钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。(钢铁表示同一概念)
the playwright and director was present at the party last night.编剧兼导演出席了昨晚的宴会。(指同一个人)=>试比较:
the playwright and the director were present at the party lastnight.编剧和导演都出席了昨晚的宴会(指两个人)
考点二:就近原则:由either … or … neither … nor …;not only…but also…; or …;therebe …等引导的主语,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
资料**:31省市学位英语网(学位英语门户网)
not only the students but also their teacher is invited to attend the party.不单是学生,他们的老师也被邀请到宴会。
either you or she is to go.不是你去,就是她去。
there is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。
考点三:就远原则:当主语是由with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as等词组成的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。
例如:the teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.教师和一些学生在参观工厂。
my mother, as well as my two brothers, has a key to the office.我母亲,还有我的两个哥哥都有一把办公室的钥匙。
考点四:动名词、不定式、名词性从句做主语时,谓语用单数。资料**:31省市学位英语网(学位英语门户网)
what i said and did is of no concern to you.我所说的与所做的与你没有关系。
reading three classical novels is an assignment for the students during the holiday.阅读三篇古典**是学生们的假期作业。
to see is to believe.眼见为实。
考点五:表示金钱,时间,**或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体概念,谓语一般用单数。
one hundred dollars is a large sum for the poor.一百美元对穷人来说是一笔大数目。
three weeks was allowed for ****** the necessary preparations.用三个星期来做必要的准备。资料**:
31省市学位英语网(学位英语门户网)
考点六:many a, more than one +单数可数名词,尽管表示复数意义,但谓语仍用单数。
many a person has read the novel.许多人读过这本书。
more than one stranger agrees with me.
考点七:由every …and every …;each … and each…; no … and no…; many a …and many a …等连接的并列主语,谓语动词用单数。
every man and every woman working here is getting along well with me.
no difficulty and no hardship has discouraged him.
考点八:用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of , the majority of等引起主语时,谓语动词的数通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如:
most of his money is spent on books.他大部分的钱花在书上了。
most of the students are taking an active part in sports.大部分学生积极参加体育运动。the majority of the students like english.
大部分学生喜欢英语。资料**:31省市学位英语网(学位英语门户网)
考点九:由some,any, no,every构成的复合词如somebody, nothing, nobody, anything,everybody等不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数;由each, every one, no one, either, neither,another, the other作主语时,谓语动词用单数;由either, neither, each, every修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词也用单数。如:
each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每人都有录音机。neither is satisfactory.两者都不令人满意。
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