一、 概念。
什么是倒装？
倒装是相对于正常语序而言的；
正常语序：主语+动词谓语。
倒装：动词谓语+主语。
目的：为了强调。
二、分类：全部倒装 （公式：v.+主语）
部分倒装 （公式：助动词/情态动词+主语）
助动词：do/ does/ did h**e/has/had/be
三、全倒装（公式：v.+主语）
标志： here, there, now, then, thus/介词短语/方向副词例如：
there are 100 students in our class.
then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。
here is your letter. 你的信。
ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。
under the tree sits a girl.
注意：全部倒装的句型结构的，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
here you are.
here he comes. 他来了。
away they went. 他们走开了。
四、部分倒装（公式：助动词/情态动词+主语）
1. 否定词位于句首，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time决不， in no way, not until… hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner… than 等。例如：
never h**e i seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。
nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有学生来访。
no sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
not until the child fell asleep did the mother le**e the room.
not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如： i h**e never seen such a performance.
---never h**e i seen such a performance.
the mother didn't le**e the room until the child fell asleep.
not until the child fell asleep the mother did le**e the room.
2. only在句首。例如：
only in this way, can you learn english well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。
only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。
not only did he refuse the gift, but also he severely criticized the sender. 前倒装，后不倒。
3. so… that such… that位于句首。例如：
so frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。
such fine weather is it that we h**e.
such sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.
4. 虚拟语气。
were i you, i would try it again. 我是你的话，就再试一次。
if it had rained last week, he wouldn’t h**e died. =had it rained last week, …
5. 也倒（两个人），的确不倒（一个人）
tom can speak french. so can jack. 汤姆会**语，杰克也会。
if you won’t go, neither will i.你不去，我也不去。
---do you know jim quarreled with his brother? -i don’t know, nor do i care.
---it’s raining hard.--so it is. 雨下得真大。的确是呀。
tom asked me to go to play football and so i did. 汤姆邀我去踢球，我去了。
6. 假倒装（as, though）。句首名词不能带任何冠词。
try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. (as 不能放句首，如放只能是as a teacher,……
although he is a boy, he is strong. boy although he is , he is strong.
典型例题 1）no sooner___than it began to rain he**ily.
a. the game began b. has the game begun
c. did the game begin d. had the game begund.
2）not until the early years of the 19th century___what heat is
a. man did know b. man knew c. didn’t man know d. did man know d.
3）not until i began to work __how much time i had wasted.
a. didn’t i realize b. did i realize c. i didn’t realize d. i realizeb
4）do you know tom bought a new car? i don’t know, _
a. nor don’t i care b. nor do i care
c. i don’t care neither d. i don’t care alsob.
5） why can’t i smoke hereat no time___in the meeting-room
a. is smoking permitted b. smoking is permitted
c. smoking is it permitted d. does smoking permita.
6） not until the early years of the 19th century __what heat is.
a. man did know b. man know c. didn’t man know d. did man know d.
may you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。
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