小学英语复习知识点

发布 2019-06-07 05:57:00 阅读 2088

一:学生易错词汇。

1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.

2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. i 用 am , you 用 are.

3. h**e , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用h**e. i ,you 用 h**e .

4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.

5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.

6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (**) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)

二:形容词比较级详解。

当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是:

什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如:

i'm taller and he**ier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)

an elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)

形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:

一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,

以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer , 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier

双写最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter

注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。

典型错误:my hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。)

比较的两者是我的头发,你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性。

应该改为:my hair is longer than yours. 或my hair is longer than your hair.

比较级专项练习: 一,从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 he**y tall long big

1) how is the yellow river

2) how is mr green he's 175cm.

3) how are your feet i wear size 18.

4)how is the fish it's 2kg.

二,根据句意写出所缺的单词。

1) i'm 12 years old. you're 14. i'm than you.

2) a rabbit's tail is than a monkey's tail.

3) an elephant is than a pig.

4) a lake is than a sea.

5) a basketball is than a football.

三,根据中文完成句子。

1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁。 i'm than my brother.

2) 这棵树要比那棵树高。 this tree than that one.

3) 你比他矮四厘米。 you are than he.

4) 谁比你重 than you

三:动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有:

a,规则动词。

一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited

以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used

以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped

b,不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , h**e – had , do – did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was ,

are - were , say - said , le**e - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt

四:动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则:

一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如h**ing , writing

双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting

五:人称和数。

人称代词。物主代词。

主格。宾格。

第一。人称。

单数。i(我)

memy(我的)

复数。we(我们)

usour(我们的)

第二。人称。

单数。you(你)

youyour(你的)

复数。you(你们)

youyour(你们的)

第三。人称。

单数。he(他)

himhis(他的)

she(她)

herher(她的)

it(它)it

its(它的)

复数。they(他们/她们/它们)

themtheir(他们的/她们的/它们的)

六:句型专项归类。

肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:i'm a student. she is a doctor. he works in a hospital.

there are four fans in our classroom. he will eat lunch at 12:00.

i watched tv yesterday evening.

2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:i'm not a student. she is not (isn't) a doctor.

he does not (doesn't) work in a hospital. there are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom.

he will not (won't) eat lunch at 12:00. i did not (didn't) watch tv yesterday evening.

注意☆ 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 "not".有动词be的句子则"not"加在be后面,可缩写成"isn't,aren't",但am not 一般都分开写。

没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上"not",你也可以把它们缩写在一起如"don't , doesn't , didn't ).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"does"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"did"只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"did" .

3,一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用"yes",或"no"来回答。

如:are you a student yes, i am / no, i'm not.

is she a doctor yes, she is. /no, she isn't.

does he work in a hospital yes, he does. /no, he doesn't.

are there four fans in our classroom yes, there are. /no, there aren't.

are you going to buy a comic book tonight yes, i am. /no, i am not. (yes, we are.

/no, we aren't.)

will he eat lunch at 12:00 yes, i will. /no, i will not(won't).

are they swimming yes, they are. /no, they aren't.

did you watch tv yesterday evening yes, i did. /no, i didn't.

注意☆ 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"does"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"did"只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"did" .一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。

4,特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用"yes ,no"来回答。

如:what is this it's a computer.

what does he do he's a doctor.

where are you going i'm going to beijing.

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