lesson89课知识点。
一. 单词讲解。
相信,认为。
1).believe+that从句(宾语从句)
believes that nothing is impossible.
2).believe in sth相信某物的存在。
you believe in ghosts?
3)believe in sb相信某人,相信某人的存在。
you believe in god?
4)believe it or not 信不信你(常用语口语)
5)make believe 假装,装作。
情态动词(用于请求许可)可以。
i sit down?
may i use you phone?
问句的回答通常用certainly\yes ,please\why not ?\sure表示同意,许可。不同意则用no i’m sorry\i’m afraid you not等 long 多少。
1) 多长(时间的长短)
---how long has he worked here?
2) 物体的长度。
3) how long is this desk ?
4) 与how 相关的特殊疑问词。
how often 多久,经常(问频度)
eg.--how often do you go swimming?
---i go swimming three times a week .
how soon 多久。
soon will you come back?
为什么(其问句是由because引导的原因状语从句)
因为(连词,引导原因状语从句)
because of 因为(其后跟名词,代词等作宾语,不接从句)
卖,**。sell sth to sb=sell sb sth
he sold his house to a banker
7.比较cost 和spend
cost 花费(金额,费用)其主语经常为物。
jacket costs 200 dollars.
cost sb+n
1) 花了某人多少钱。
this pen costs me 2 yuan.
2) 使某人付出(时间,劳力,生命等)
careless driving will cost you your life .
代价,**,费用,经费。
the cost of this desk is $55.
the cost of living 生活费用
spend 花费,其主语通常为人。
spend money on…..在…..花钱
i spent $20 on this book
spend time in doing ….在…花时间
he spends most of his time in tr**eling
8.比较worth worthy worthwhile
1)worth 值….多少钱。
be worth +n(当名次为金钱时,表示…值….)
be worth doing sth 值得做某事。
suggestion is worth considering.
2)worthy adj 值得…的。
be worthy of +n./doing….值得…
the question is worthy of being discussed
be worthy to do 值得做….
the method is worthy to be tried
3)worthwhile adj.值得花费时间,金钱的。
a worthwhile task值得做的工作。
二. 重点语法。
和since 在现在完成时中的运用。
1) for表示经历(一段时间),而since表示自从….以来,常见结构为:for+一段时间。
since+一段时间+ago/since+一个时间点/since+从句。
has lived here for 20 years.
he has lived here since 1982.
he has lived here since 20 years ago.
2)除了for, since以外,常和现在完成时的连用的副词还有already,ever,never,just,yet,in the past few years,over the last thirty years,so far up to now ,since 1980等。
colleague students h**e learned english for more than 6 years许多大学生已经学英语六年多了。
great changes h**e taken place in china in the past few years.在过去几年中,中国发生了巨大的变化。
i h**e never been abroad up to now .到现在为止我还没有出过国。
3)在现在完成时中,already和yet的区别:
already常用于肯定句中,yet常用于一般疑问句或否定句末。
eg tom has already finished his homework.
tom didn’t finished his homework yet ?
what!h**e you already finished it?
2.宾语从句一般是由名词或代词充当的,宾语一般在动词或介词的后面。
want an apple作的宾语)。
i like you作的宾语)
in front of the window作的宾语) .
some of them作的宾语)
用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句,即充当宾语成份的不是一个单词或词组,而是一个句子。
主语从句:一个句子充当主语。
定语从句:一个句子作定语。
状语从句:充当状语成份的是一个句子。
表语从句:充当表语成份的是一个句子。
宾语从句一般跟在两类词之后。
第一类:表示人的情感或心理活动的形容词。
afraid /sure/sorry/glad
这样句子的结构是:主语+此宾语+宾语从句。
eg i’m afraid that i can’t help you at moment.
they are sure that they will win the match.
he is sorry that he didn’t go yesterday.
第二类:普通动词。
think/know/believe/say/hope/understand
这样的句子结构是:主语+这类动词+宾语从句。
eg i think that you will pass the exam .
i believe i can fly.
引导宾语从句的关联词有从属连词,疑问代词,疑问副词,缩合连接代词,缩合连接副词等。
eg i am afraid that you can’t see him today(关联词是从属连词that)。
在非正式文体中,关联词that常被省去。
eg i hope you can come tomorrow(that被省略)。
i don’t know what he if you can help me .(从属连词if)
i wonder what he is writing to me about.(疑问代词what)
三.本课小结。
.is for sale待售。
h**e a look (at看一看…..
in the country在乡下。
how much does …cost? 花费….钱,卖….钱。
be worth值得。
i can’t decide我不能决定。
h**e the last word 最后拍板。
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